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The DC electrical system of the car requires a positive and negative electrical conductors for each electrical device.
Taking the example of a single lightbulb powered by the car battery, this could require a wire leading from the positive terminal of the battery to one terminal on the lightbulb and a second (return) wire leading from the other terminal on the lightbulb back to the negative terminal on the battery. Two wires are required - a positive and negative.
To reduce the quantity of wires required, the negative "wire" is actually the car body. Hence there is a positive wire leading from the positive terminal of the battery to the positive terminal of each electrical device on the car and the negative terminal of each electrical device on the car is connected to the car body (a metal conductor). The body of the car is then connected to the negative terminal of the battery, completing the circuit. There are virtually no return wires.
This works as cars use a low voltage (12 V). If they used a higher voltage, this system could result in electric shock from touching the car body.
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