The heater in a car is a little radiator under the dashboard. It's called the heater core. There's a valve in the water system that sends hot coolant into the heater core when you turn on the heat, and keeps the coolant in the engine when you don't want heat.
If the car is leaking antifreeze when the heat is on but not when it's off, something in the heater system has a hole in it. Because there's always coolant in the heater core and the hoses that feed it, my first thought is the valve itself is bad.
because it doesnt allow heat to get inside or outside, depending on the season
Are you sure the thermostat is installed correctly, or is it low on antifreeze? I would check the antifreeze level first.
it can mess with both
the heater core may be plugged up
Yes, if your vehicle is low on antifreeze, there may not be enough to fill the heater core, and you wont get any heat. When the heat stops working in your car, antifreeze/coolant should be the first thing you check.
Lack of antifreeze or wrong mix of antifreeze and water.
Yes definitely. The antifreeze cools the engine by carrying the heat out of the engine and through the radiator where the heat is dissipated. The antifreeze also passes through the heater core, a fan blows over the heater core and produces the heat for inside the car. While there are a number of reasons that the heater inside the car could stop working, no or low antifreeze is certainly one of the primary culprits. Furthermore, this is a very serious situation as not having enough antifreeze will cause the engine to overheat and seize up causing total engine failure which will be very costly to fix. The most important thing anti freeze does is to keep the liquid in the cooling system from freezing, if there is no anti freeze and the liquid freezes and turns to a solid it will expand and crack the engine block and heads or pop out the freeze plugs if you are lucky, always keep anti freeze in your cooling system, never straight water.
watch your coolant level because antifreeze is probably leaking in your heater core, another indication of leaking heater core is greasy film on inside of your windshield and it makes it hard to defrost.
The thermostat may be sticking shut which would cause you to loose heat inside or you may just be low and antifreeze. Check your antifreeze level if it is full then get a new themostat and if that don't work your heater core may be going bad.
During the summer your engine would actually run hotter because antifreeze has a lower specific heat than does water. (That means a pure antifreeze solution will act as a better insulator than water---less heat will be transferred through the pure antifreeze solution.) Even during the winter, a 100 percent antifreeze solution isn't a good idea. A pure antifreeze solution actually provides less protection against freezing than does a mix solution.
Yes, if your low on antifreeze, there may not be enough to fill the heater core, and you wont get any heat. If your heat is not blowing that should be the first thing you check.
The specific heat of antifreeze varies greatly with temperature and the percent concentration of ethylene glycol (antifreeze). At room temperature, 100 percent concentration of ethylene glycol will have a specific heat of about .59 to .58. This value varies greatly from the specific heat of water. Most commercial antifreeze is about 95 % concentration of ethylene glycol.