Carapation, or "carapace," refers to the hard, protective outer shell or exoskeleton of certain animals, particularly crustaceans, turtles, and some insects. This structure serves to shield delicate internal organs and provides support and protection against predators. In crustaceans, the carapace covers the thorax and is often involved in respiration and locomotion. Each species has distinct characteristics regarding the shape and texture of its carapace, adapted to its environment and lifestyle.