The most common reason for backfire in an engine is the timing is not set correctly. The bad timing could also be caused by the timing chain beingworn out or a camshaft that is worn out. Get a timing light and check to see what the timing is set to. It should be around 8 to 12 degrees before top dead center at idle(800-1100 RPM) with the distributor's vacuum advance disconnected for most Chevy small blocks. There should be a sticker in the engine compartment that gives the idle speed and timing spec. for that model. If there is not sticker, the spec. above should correct your problem if the parts mentioned are in good condition (not worn out).
its got toothpaste in the carby
Bad spark plugs, spark plug wires or distributor cap and rotor.
Plug wires installed incorrectly. Click the link.
Take out the idle jet on the side of the carby and give it a good blow out. If this fails clean out carby. Another quick fix that sometimes works, take off aircleaner rev motor hard and put your hand over the top of carby. Your hand will be sucked down and this will usually dislodge any blockage in carby. Remove your hand before motor stalls!
check for a loose or broken vacume line on the engine probably on the intake
i find usually its the carby... either u need to lube up the cable, buy a new spring for the carby as it mite just be old and to weak to pull the cable back down or if all else fails just buy a new cable.. cheap fix... but if its not the carby.. i cant help ya lol
Having no catalytic converter installed is illegal and can cause a myriad of problems. Probably not a backfire though.
it's lean
Try checking the intake manifold or carby for a vacuum leak.
backfire timing off
from unburned fuel in the cylinder
timing or a plug not sparking