specific cardiac and smooth muscle fibers
Heart (Myocyte - except after MI) and brain cells (Neurons)
Schwann cells, except they don't surround the CELL BODY at all, just the AXON.
An autonomic reflex arc is similar to the somatic kind, but differs principally in the motor output side. The sensory side is similar in that a transducer sends a signal via a nerve fiber into the CNS. As with the somatic arc, this sensory fiber is associated with a pseudo-unipolar neuron in a craniospinal ganglion, usually one of the dorsal root ganglia. In the autonomic arc, the sensory transducer is often located in or associated with visceral organs.
All of these terms EXCEPT ___________ contribute to natural selection
Cooley clamp
They are neurons that can be found in all six of cortical layers (except layer 1), and they are excitatory projection neurons.
Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. Neurons share much of their structure with other cells, except that neurons specialize in transmitting information throughout the body.
Heart (Myocyte - except after MI) and brain cells (Neurons)
They are present in all six layers of cortex (except layer 1). Whenever Pyramidal neurons (another type of neurons that are also found in cortical layers) are over-excited, cells of Martinotti will send inhibitory signals to surrounding neurons. Simply, they are involved in "cortical dampening mechanism".
Anatomically, the adrenal medulla develops from neural crest tissue, and it is directly controlled by sympathetic NS. The medullary cells respond to this stimulation by releasing epineprhrine (80%) or norepinephrine (20%), which can act in conjunction with the sympathetic NS to elicit the fight-or-flight response to stressors.epinephrine, from the adrenal medulla.Norepinephrine/Noradrenaline working with Epinephrine/Adrenalineepinephrine and norepinephrine
Dendrites are the part of the neuron specialized to receive information from other neurons and the axon transmits signals to other neurons or to muscles or glands.
Schwann cells, except they don't surround the CELL BODY at all, just the AXON.
Negotiate for their release
Yes, when speaking of a chemical synapse; but no, not so much, when speaking of an electrotonic (gap junction) synapse.There are two types of synapses in the nervous system: chemical synapses, and electrical synapses (also know as electrotonic synapses or gap junctions).Chemical synapses have a small gap between two neurons, called the synaptic cleft, about 30nm across. At this gap, the two neurons do not touch (except for small molecules projecting from each and sticking to one another so as to keep the neurons in place to maintain the synapse; they are called synaptic adhesion molecules); the two neurons do not exchange their interior cellular fluid, the cytosol, nor any ions or other solutes. On receipt of a neural impulse, the pre-synaptic neuron releases Neurotransmitter chemicals into the synaptic cleft, which then diffuse across the synaptic cleft to the post-synaptic neuron, where they fit into receptors there and cause ligand-gated ion pores to open in the post-synaptic neuron, allowing sodium ions into it, which is the beginning of the neural signal in that neuron. The release of the neurotransmitter, its diffusion across the gap, the opening of the ligand-gated ion pores, and the entry of sodium ions takes a comparative long time, with the result that the synaptic delay for a chemical synapse is approximately 2 ms.Electrical synapses have a much smaller gap between neurons, about 3.5nm, with pore structures spanning the gap, which allows ions in the pre-synaptic neuron to pass directly into the post-synaptic neuron. Since there is no need for the pre-synaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters, nor for them to diffuse across a comparatively large gap, nor to cause ligand-gated pores to open, the synaptic delay for an electrical synapse is shorter, approximately 0.2ms.However, the difference in synaptic delay between chemical and electrical synapses may be less for mammals than for cold-blooded animals.
I believe the answer you're looking for is 'eukaryotic', because mitosis happens only in cells with a nucleus.Actually, mitosis happens in all cells of the human body except for ova, sperm, neurons, and cardiac muslces.
Incoming pain, temperature and crude touch sensations from the body enters the spinal cord via pseudounipolar neurons through the posterior rootlets of each spinal nerve. Once entering the spinal cord, these neurons travel up and down 1-2 vertebral segments within the dorsal lateral tract (tract of lissauer) before they synapse onto secondary neurons. The secondary neurons cross to the other side of the spinal cord (decussate) through the anterior white commissure, and then travel up to the brainstem within the spinothalamic tract. Once in the brainstem, these neurons synapse onto the thalamus at various nuclei. From the thalamus, this sensory information is sent to various regions of the brain where it is interpreted consiously.Pain, temperature and crude touch sensation from the face follows a similar route, except that the secondary neurons travel to the thalamus within the contralateral trigeminal lemniscus.
Personally I don't think it is possible to detect the levels of all neurotransmitters, because they are constantly being altered , except on a depressed person in which serotonin normal level drops to a lower one. But there is no needing to determine its level because a psychiatrist can tell when a person is depressed.