The Atlas is designed to allow a nodding movement, whilst the axis below it has the odontoid peg on it to allow shaking, or rotational movement of the skull.
The cervical vertebrae, specifically the second cervical vertebra (C2) known as the axis, bear a peg-shaped dens (odontoid process) that acts as a pivot for rotation of the atlas (C1) and allows for the turning of the head from side to side.
The Atlas
The dens is a part of the central nervous system, specifically within the brainstem. The dens is a bony projection on the axis bone that articulates with the atlas bone, allowing for mobility of the head and neck.
There is only one pivot joint in the body and it is located in the neck. It is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae also known as atlas and axis respectively. Axis has a the "peg" part of the pivot projecting upwards and atlas has the hole around it. This is the joint that allows the heart to rotate left to right.There are two pivot joints. One between C1 and C2 of the vertebrae. The second in the forearm between the ulna and radius.
a vertebra is more closely defined according to what part of the spine it's in. It may be cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (abdomen), or sacral (hips).
Since the dens is part of the Axis vertebra (and project up in the first vertebra, the Atlas vertebra that supports the skull) it is called the Dens Axis
The cervical vertebrae, specifically the second cervical vertebra (C2) known as the axis, bear a peg-shaped dens (odontoid process) that acts as a pivot for rotation of the atlas (C1) and allows for the turning of the head from side to side.
The atlas vertebra (C1) controls the rotation of the head from left to right, while the axis vertebra (C2) allows for nodding or shaking of the head up and down. Together, these vertebrae form the upper cervical spine, which is responsible for a significant portion of head movement.
The Atlas
The dens is a part of the central nervous system, specifically within the brainstem. The dens is a bony projection on the axis bone that articulates with the atlas bone, allowing for mobility of the head and neck.
A 'Vertebra' is one bone in a spine. 'Vertebrae' (ver-tuh-bray) is a word for more than one vertebra, as in, "There are 12 vertebrae in the thoracic part of the spine." Or, "His second cervical vertebra was fractured".
There is only one pivot joint in the body and it is located in the neck. It is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae also known as atlas and axis respectively. Axis has a the "peg" part of the pivot projecting upwards and atlas has the hole around it. This is the joint that allows the heart to rotate left to right.There are two pivot joints. One between C1 and C2 of the vertebrae. The second in the forearm between the ulna and radius.
a vertebra is more closely defined according to what part of the spine it's in. It may be cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (abdomen), or sacral (hips).
round ligament, atlas, axis, axilla, armpit, ribs
Typically there are 7 vertebrae in the neck called cervical vertebrae. They are commonly called C1-C7. The first cervical vertebra is also called the atlas, and the second, the axis. Typically there are twelve thoracic vertebrae to which the ribs attach. Typically there are five lumbar vertebrae in the lower back. Caudal ('toward the tail' or below in the standing position) to the lumbar vertebrae is the sacrum. Caudal the the sacrum is the coccyx. It is often called the tailbone. Commonly, the coccyx is formed by two or three segments. Many people have a sixth lumbar vertebra which is usually a part of the sacrum which did not fuse to the other segments of the sacrum during development. Sometimes a vertebra, usually a thoracic vertebra, fully develops on only one side, so one might say there are 12 vertebrae on one side, and 11 on the other. That is called a hemivertebra. Sometimes 2 vertebrae are fused together, making one bone instead of two.
Unfortunately there is no photograph attached. However, it would be easy for anyone trained to tell which spinal column can be seen considering they would know the different characteristics that everyday people are unaware of.
C1 or atlas: The Atlas is the topmost vertebra, and - along with C2 - forms the joint connecting the skull and spine. Its chief peculiarity is that it has no body, and this is due to the fact that the body of the atlas has fused with that of the next vertebra.C2 or axis It forms the pivot upon which C1 rotates. The most distinctive characteristic of this bone is the strong odontoid process (dens) which rises perpendicularly from the upper surface of the body. The body is deeper in front than behind, and prolonged downward anteriorly so as to overlap the upper and front part of the third vertebra.the brain stem is an important factor. damage or harm to first and second. (even to 1-7) dramatical harm can cause numerous neurological problems