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Most are not. Gram positive archaea have a thick, single cell membrane. Gram negative archaea have two thinner membranes with a region in between them called the periplasm. The periplasm make make up 40% of certain archaea bacteria. The illustrated mechanisms of methanogen metabolism all require a membrane across which a Na+ and H+ chemical-electric gradient can be produced. This is not possible in gram positive archaea.

There may be another mechanism of metabolism which yields methane. Those methanogens that make use of the substrates H2+CO2, formate, methanol, methylamines and acetate are all gram negative.

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12y ago

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