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Most plants are autotrophic, meaning that they are able to produce their own food through photosynthesis. All these plants need are photons provided by sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. There are, however, some plants that are heterotrophic; they obtain their food through ways other than photosynthesis. Most of these plants, such as carnivorous plants like the Venus fly trap, are still capable of producing their own food. Parasitic plants are the exceptions. While they do have the chloroplasts needed to perform photosynthesis, they do not have roots, which are used to obtain water and nutrients. One example of a parasitic plant is mistletoe. Mistletoe sends its "suckers" into the vessel of its host's xylem cells, to draw out raw sap. The plant then uses this material to perform photosynthesis as other plants do. While they are still able to prepare their own food, parasitic plants are dependent on other organisms for the raw materials.

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