Changes gradually because each species responds differently to changes in environmental factors.
Succession is the process of natural changes that occur in a community over time, where one group of species is replaced by another. It generally involves a series of stages leading to a more complex and diverse ecosystem. Succession can be primary, starting from bare rock or soil, or secondary, following a disturbance like fire or flooding.
Primary succession is when there is a brand new area formed where no life has previously been. When new land is created by lava froma volcanic erruption, it is barren. So, in your example, the order of events would be: 1, 2, 4, 3. However, the first stage in succession is generally considered when the first life takes hold, for example, when you see the first pioneer species like a lichen. Therefore, I'm not sure what the writer of the question is looking for because I don't really see a correct answer. While #1 is the first thing to occur, it's not really the beginning of succession until life shows up. #3 mentions life decomposing, but life hasn't begun yet in 1, 2, or 4.
abiotic factors
The percent composition of fern spore 1 in the sediment of the early Tertiary period would depend on the specific site and geological conditions. Generally, fern spores make up a small percentage of the overall sediment composition, alongside other plant and mineral material. Studying the fossil record and conducting specific analyses would provide a more accurate estimation of the percentage of fern spore 1 in the sediment.
These separate ecosystems with similar climates are typically referred to as biomes. Each biome supports a unique set of species and ecological dynamics, and interactions between different biomes are generally limited due to their distinct characteristics and geographical separation.
Climax communities are considered stable and generally do not undergo succession unless there is a major disturbance, such as a wildfire or human intervention. These disturbances can disrupt the climax community, leading to a new round of succession and potentially changing the composition of species in the ecosystem.
The intermediate stages of ecological succession generally support a greater number and diversity of organisms compared to the pioneer community. While pioneer communities consist of a limited range of hardy species that can survive harsh conditions, intermediate stages develop more complex habitats with varied resources, allowing for greater species interactions and niches. As succession progresses, biodiversity increases due to the establishment of more diverse plant life, which in turn supports a wider array of animal species. Thus, the intermediate stages foster a richer ecological community.
It depends on the context. In some cases, slowing succession may be necessary to preserve a particular ecosystem or species. However, if the goal is to support natural ecological processes and biodiversity, it is generally discouraged to interfere with succession. It is important to consider the impacts and implications of both encouraging and discouraging activities that slow succession.
Succession is the process of natural changes that occur in a community over time, where one group of species is replaced by another. It generally involves a series of stages leading to a more complex and diverse ecosystem. Succession can be primary, starting from bare rock or soil, or secondary, following a disturbance like fire or flooding.
In time a generally stable community of a diverse number of species is formed that is called a climax community. unless disturbed by natural or human forces, a climax community can exist for many generations.
"Succession is a process of ecological change in which a series of natural communities are established and then replaced over time. Ecologists (scientists who study the relationships of organisms with their living and nonliving environment) generally recognize two kinds of succession, primary succession and secondary succession. Primary succession takes place on an area that is originally completely empty of life. As an example, an area that has been covered by a flow of lava has, for a time, no life at all on it. Over a period of time, however, various kinds of organisms begin to grow in the area. Over time, the variety of life-forms changes as succession continues."
Secondary succession follows tornadoes, if there is any succession. Tornadoes can bring down many trees and damage vegetation, but they generally leave the soil intact.
There are generally more species in a mature forest compared to a forest undergoing succession. Mature forests have a stable, diverse community of plants and animals that have had time to establish and coexist, while forests undergoing succession have fewer established species as the ecosystem evolves and develops.
The kings were not chosen. The succession was generally hereditary with the occasional usurper.
A tornado results in secondary succession. The plants on the surface are destroyed, but buried seeds generally stay in place and the soil remains mostly intact.
During secondary succession, the topsoil generally undergoes an increase in carbon stock, nitrogen supply, an increase in the carbon/nitrogen ration and a decrease in acidity and density.
MATCH (Multilevel Approach to Community Health) is an ecological planning perspective that recognizes that intervention approaches can and should be aimed at a variety of objectives and individuals. (B. Simons-Morton, personal communication, October 10, 1999) Generally it is one of the main models for program planning in health promotion. There are 5 phases in this model.