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What happens if the hydrogen pumps in photosystems 1 and 2 are not working correctly?
The chloroplast will not produce ATP or NADPH.
What would happen if the hydrogen ion pumps in the tiger's mitochondria stopped functioning?
If the hydrogen ion pumps in a tiger's mitochondria stopped functioning, it would disrupt the electron transport chain and the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This would lead to a decrease in cellular energy production, affecting the tiger's ability to carry out essential functions and potentially resulting in cellular damage and dysfunction.
Why does fadh2 produce fewer ATP molecules than nadh?
NADH produces 3 ATPs because it donates the proton at a "higher" location in the electron transport chain than does FADH2, which is why FADH2 produce only 2 ATPs. NADH and FADH2 donates electrons and protons into the electron transport chain.
The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to?
EntryWhen a person inhales, oxygen contained in air enters the body through the nose and the mouth.Path to the LungsOxygen-rich air travels through the upper and lower respiratory tracts into the lungs.AlveoliIn the tiniest branches of the lungs, the alveoli remove carbon dioxide and prepare oxygen for transport into the circulatory system.DiffusionOxygen transfers through diffusion from the alveoli to the capillaries. Diffusion is the process of particles of liquids, gases or solids moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.CapillariesThe capillaries connect to the larger blood vessels, which transport oxygen-rich blood to the heart.HeartThe heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body through the circulatory system. All of the cells in the human body use oxygen from the blood to break down glucose for energy.
What is a necessary reactant for cellular respiration to occur?
Oxygen is needed for the Electron Transport Chain, or ETC for short. Oxygen's role in ETC is as the final acceptor of electrons. The transfer of electrons pumps hydrogen protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP Synthase and this gradient is used to synthesize energy in the form of ATP. This step produces around 30 ATP, this being the most out of all of the three steps of cellular respiration.
Where does the first electron carrier pump hydrogen ions?
The first electron carrier that pumps hydrogen ions during cellular respiration is NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) in the electron transport chain. It pumps hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
What are cytochrome carriers?
they are part of the electron transport chain and they are involved with the pumps that create the concentration gradient of H+
What happens if the hydrogen pumps in photo systems i and ii and not working correctly?
If the hydrogen pumps in photosystems I and II are not working correctly, there will be a disruption in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. This will lead to a decrease in the production of ATP and NADPH, which are necessary for the light-dependent reactions to occur. As a result, the overall process of photosynthesis will be impaired, leading to reduced plant growth and metabolism.
Give an example of active transport?
Hydrogen (H+) pumps.
What is the final electron receptor in cellular respiration?
oxygen is used to pull electrons down to the Electron Transport Chain which pumps H+ to create H+ gradient :)
What would happen to the dog if the hydrogen ion pumps in its mitochondria stopped functioning?
If the hydrogen ion pumps in a dog's mitochondria stopped functioning, it would disrupt the electron transport chain, leading to a decrease in ATP production. This could result in decreased energy levels, impaired cellular function, and potentially organ failure if severe and left untreated.
What happens if the hydrogen pumps in photosystems 1 and 2 are not working correctly?
The chloroplast will not produce ATP or NADPH.
Which type of cell transport is used by mitochondria to make hydrogen ions move against their concentration gradient?
Mitochondria utilize active transport to move hydrogen ions (protons) against their concentration gradient. This process primarily occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, where the electron transport chain pumps protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. This creates a proton gradient, which is subsequently used by ATP synthase to generate ATP as protons flow back into the matrix.
What would happen if the hydrogen ion pumps in the tiger's mitochondria stopped functioning?
If the hydrogen ion pumps in a tiger's mitochondria stopped functioning, it would disrupt the electron transport chain and the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This would lead to a decrease in cellular energy production, affecting the tiger's ability to carry out essential functions and potentially resulting in cellular damage and dysfunction.
What roles do electrons and hydrogen ions play in light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Electrons excited out of the reaction centre in the photosystems are carried along a chain. The electron transport chain pumps protons, just like the respiratory complexes, and the electrons are eventually dumped onto NADP to form NADPH. Protons flow back through ATP synthase, generating ATP.
How are NADH and FADH2 related?
Think of it like this: Every time the electron is handed to another cytochrome, it pumps H+ across a membrane to create a gradient. NADH sticks the electron in higher up the chain than FADH2 does so the NADH electron pumps more protons since it is passed between more cytochromes than the FADH2 electrons. Since every proton pumped across is an ADP-->ATP reaction, the more protons an electron can pump, the more energy you get from that electron. FADH2 is around because it has roles in other areas like synthesis, so by being a little more multifunctional than NADH it sacrifices some in the electron transport role. -Jelanen
What is the primary objective of the electron transport chain?
To provide the motive force that pumps protons into the outer lumen of the mitochondria. Where the protons will fall down their concentration gradient through the ATP synthase and generate ATP.
