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How easy or hard is it for polar molecules to pass through the cell membrane?
Polar molecules are effectively charged molecules. It's hard for them to cross the cell membrane because the membrane is comprised of an uncharged phospholipid bilayer. Charged molecules tend to have specific protein channels that allow them to cross the membrane.
What does faciliated diffusion mean?
It means that in order to cross a barrier, for example a cell membrane, a substance must have a facilitator substance to make it permeable to the barrier. For instance, glucose cannot enter cells unless insulin is present to facilitate the diffusion of glucose from blood to cell. Without the insulin, or with damaged insulin receptors on the cell membrane, the cell membrane remains impermeable to glucose and it cannot enter the cells, so it remains in the blood plasma. This is what causes diabetes.
How do molecules that are too large to cross the membrance enter into the cell?
Large molecules can enter a cell through endocytosis, where the cell membrane folds around the molecule, forms a vesicle, and brings it into the cell. This process allows the cell to take in nutrients, signaling molecules, and other substances that are too large to pass through the membrane directly.
What is the name of the process when glucose enters cells?
Glucose can move into cells by active or passive transport, in both cases membrane-spanning proteins are required. Active transport (SGLT) uses the concentration gradient of Sodium ions to move glucose against its concentration gradient. Passive transporters (GLUT) are only effective if the concentration of glucose in the cell is lower than outside the cell.
What is the equilibrium of solute across a membrane?
The equilibrium of solute across a membrane is reached when the concentration of the solute is the same on both sides of the membrane. This means that the movement of the solute molecules is balanced, with an equal number of molecules moving in and out of the membrane. At equilibrium, there is no net movement of solute across the membrane.
How easy or hard is it for polar molecules to pass through the cell membrane?
Polar molecules are effectively charged molecules. It's hard for them to cross the cell membrane because the membrane is comprised of an uncharged phospholipid bilayer. Charged molecules tend to have specific protein channels that allow them to cross the membrane.
How membrane is selectively permeable?
means that the cell membrane has some control over what can cross it, so that only certain molecules either enter or leave the cell
How is the membrane permeability?
means that the cell membrane has some control over what can cross it, so that only certain molecules either enter or leave the cell
What does partially permeablele mean?
For a cell membrane, partial permeability means that only certain molecules can pass through like carbon dioxide and oxygen while other molecules such as glucose cannot.
What does glucose molecules are the building blocks of carbohydrates mean?
It means that glucose molecules are the basic units from which carbohydrates are made. Carbohydrates are composed of chains of glucose molecules that can be broken down to provide energy for the body.
What does faciliated diffusion mean?
It means that in order to cross a barrier, for example a cell membrane, a substance must have a facilitator substance to make it permeable to the barrier. For instance, glucose cannot enter cells unless insulin is present to facilitate the diffusion of glucose from blood to cell. Without the insulin, or with damaged insulin receptors on the cell membrane, the cell membrane remains impermeable to glucose and it cannot enter the cells, so it remains in the blood plasma. This is what causes diabetes.
How do molecules that are too large to cross the membrance enter into the cell?
Large molecules can enter a cell through endocytosis, where the cell membrane folds around the molecule, forms a vesicle, and brings it into the cell. This process allows the cell to take in nutrients, signaling molecules, and other substances that are too large to pass through the membrane directly.
Term used to describe a cell membrane means that the membrane contains different kind of molecules?
That kind of membrane in cells is called a mosaic membrane since the molecules are not all the same.
Which molecues cross the membrane of a cell easily and which do not?
Non-polar molecules (such as fatty acids, steroid hormones and O2) pass freely through the cell membrane. Small uncharged molecules (such as H2O) also pass freely, but are slower. Large, polar molecules and ions (such as Na+ and K+) do not pass freely. Macromolecules (such as proteins and polysaccharides) do not pass through the cell membrane. Molecules and ions that cannot pass freely through the cell membrane rely on other means, such as protein transporters, to move in to the cell.
what does semi-permeable mean?
It means it has a cell wall.
What is the name of the process when glucose enters cells?
Glucose can move into cells by active or passive transport, in both cases membrane-spanning proteins are required. Active transport (SGLT) uses the concentration gradient of Sodium ions to move glucose against its concentration gradient. Passive transporters (GLUT) are only effective if the concentration of glucose in the cell is lower than outside the cell.
How many glucose moleculeswere broken down if 2NADH molecules were produced?
If 2 NADH molecules were produced in glycolysis, it means that 1 glucose molecule was broken down. Each glucose molecule yields 2 NADH molecules during glycolysis.
