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Although many cells in adult organisms are not actively dividing, they still need accurate instructions on how to function. Therefore, they need to detect and repair mutations introduced during replication or caused by environmental factors, such as mutagenic chemicals or raditaion. Most mutations are known as mismatches because they consist of base pairs that cannot form hydrogen bonds (for example, cytosine and adenine) The process by which these mutations are repaired is known as excision repair. First an enzymes recognizes the mismatch and binds to the DNA. It then breaks the sugar-phosphate bonds of the mismatched sections and removes the damage or mutant DNA. Next, DNA polymerase fills in the deleted DNA sequence. Finally another enzyme forms sugarphosphate bonds between the replacement peice and its neighboring nucleotides.

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Related Questions

Is UV light a mutagen?

Yes, UV light can be a mutagen as it can cause changes in the DNA sequence by inducing mutations. Excessive exposure to UV light can lead to the formation of thymine dimers in DNA, which can result in mutations if not repaired.


Repair of damaged DNA might be viewed as a race between an endonuclease and?

a DNA polymerase. The endonuclease recognizes and cleaves the damaged DNA, creating a site for repair. The DNA polymerase then fills in the gap with the correct nucleotides, restoring the integrity of the DNA molecule. This race determines whether the DNA is successfully repaired or if mutations will persist in the repaired sequence.


Explain how mutagens can cause genetic mutations in spite of your body's DNA repair enzymes?

Mutagens are substances that can alter DNA, leading to mutations. Some mutagens can overwhelm the repair machinery in your cells, causing errors to go unrepaired. Additionally, some mutations occur in regions of DNA that are less effectively repaired by the cell's machinery.


What can cause changes in DNA sequences?

mutations


Changes in DNA are called mutations?

That's correct. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can result from errors during DNA replication, exposure to mutagens, or other environmental factors. Mutations can have various effects, ranging from no impact to influencing an organism's traits or health.


How does polymerase prevent mutations?

It checks DNA for errors during replication.


What is a source of genetic variation that refers to a random error in the genetic code?

Mutations involve changes in the DNA code.


What breaks the rungs of the DNA ladder?

Various types of damage such as exposure to UV light, chemicals, and reactive oxygen species can break the rungs of the DNA ladder. This damage can lead to mutations if not repaired properly by cellular mechanisms.


Changes in DNA is called?

mutations


Mutations are changes in?

changes in DNA


How can mutations cause genetic mutations in spite of your body's DNA repair enzymes?

Mutagens cause a change in DNA and by this way they can produce mutant DNA repair enzymes.


Mistakes in the DNA are called?

for Plato it isn't A or B the answer is D