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The relationship between a hormone and a target cell is that hormones are chemicals released in one part of the body that travel through the bloodstream and affect the activity of cells in the body. Hormones do this by binding to specific chemical receptors on those cells. Target cells have receptors for a particular hormone. Which means is cells do not have receptors or the receptors do not respond to a particular hormone, the hormone has no affect on it.
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What hormones can enter the target cell and bind to receptors in the nucleus?
Steroid hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are able to enter the target cell and bind to receptors in the nucleus. These hormones are lipid-soluble, allowing them to pass through the cell membrane and directly interact with nuclear receptors to regulate gene transcription.
What is the definition of a target cell and why are all cells not considered target cells for all hormones?
A target cell is a specific cell that has receptors for a particular hormone, allowing it to respond to that hormone's signals. Not all cells are considered target cells for all hormones because each hormone is designed to interact with specific receptors on specific cells, leading to specific responses in the body. This specificity ensures that hormones only affect the cells that are meant to respond to them, maintaining the body's balance and regulation.
What must be present on tissue or an organ in order for it to respond to the presence of a hormone?
There are certain receptors for some specific hormones on the cell membranes of the target cells of the hormone. They are activated by the hormone and combine with it to form a complex that undergoes a series of receptor mediated reactiions to perform the particular function inside the cell. Some hormones pass through the cell membrane and interact with the receptors present on the membrane of cell organelles. Some hormones like thyroxine interact directly with the nucleus and trigger metabolic enzyme synthesis for increasing BMR
Why can't all receptors be located inside the cell?
Not all receptors can be located inside the cell because some receptors need to be on the cell surface to interact with molecules outside the cell, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. These external molecules cannot pass through the cell membrane to reach receptors inside the cell.
Are hormones target molecules or signal molecules?
Hormones affect target cells because target cells have receptors that bind with certain hormones (they're specific). If a cell does not have a receptor then it is not affected by hormones. Target cells (which do have the receptor for a particular hormone) would be affected by the hormone.
What hormones can enter the target cell and bind to receptors in the nucleus?
Steroid hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are able to enter the target cell and bind to receptors in the nucleus. These hormones are lipid-soluble, allowing them to pass through the cell membrane and directly interact with nuclear receptors to regulate gene transcription.
The receptors for thyroid hormones are found?
within the nucleus of the target cell
What is the definition of a target cell and why are all cells not considered target cells for all hormones?
A target cell is a specific cell that has receptors for a particular hormone, allowing it to respond to that hormone's signals. Not all cells are considered target cells for all hormones because each hormone is designed to interact with specific receptors on specific cells, leading to specific responses in the body. This specificity ensures that hormones only affect the cells that are meant to respond to them, maintaining the body's balance and regulation.
The receptors for catecholamine and polypeptide hormones are found?
on the outer surface of the target cell
What name is given to regions that are receptive to hormones?
Target tissues or target cells are regions that are receptive to hormones. These tissues have specific receptors that bind with the hormones and trigger a response within the cell.
How does a hormone identify its target?
Only target cells have receptors inside cytoplazm (for steroid hormones) or on cell membrane (for protein hormones) that make the hormone active.
What target tissues have these to bind with specific hormones?
Target tissues bind with specific hormones through receptors located on their cell membranes or within their cytoplasm or nuclei. These receptors are highly specific, allowing only certain hormones to interact and elicit a response, such as altering gene expression, metabolism, or cell function. Common target tissues include muscle, liver, and adipose tissue for hormones like insulin, while the thyroid hormone primarily targets nearly all body tissues to regulate metabolism. The interaction between hormones and their target tissues is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and regulating physiological processes.
What are the structures that allow hormones to bind to their target cells?
Hormones bind to specific protein receptors on the surface or inside target cells. These receptors are typically found on the cell membrane or in the cytoplasm. Once the hormone binds to its receptor, it triggers a signaling cascade that leads to specific cellular responses.
What must be present on tissue or an organ in order for it to respond to the presence of a hormone?
There are certain receptors for some specific hormones on the cell membranes of the target cells of the hormone. They are activated by the hormone and combine with it to form a complex that undergoes a series of receptor mediated reactiions to perform the particular function inside the cell. Some hormones pass through the cell membrane and interact with the receptors present on the membrane of cell organelles. Some hormones like thyroxine interact directly with the nucleus and trigger metabolic enzyme synthesis for increasing BMR
Why can't all receptors be located inside the cell?
Not all receptors can be located inside the cell because some receptors need to be on the cell surface to interact with molecules outside the cell, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. These external molecules cannot pass through the cell membrane to reach receptors inside the cell.
Are hormones target molecules or signal molecules?
Hormones affect target cells because target cells have receptors that bind with certain hormones (they're specific). If a cell does not have a receptor then it is not affected by hormones. Target cells (which do have the receptor for a particular hormone) would be affected by the hormone.
What are hormones carried in to their target cell?
Hormones are typically carried in the bloodstream to their target cells. Once the hormone reaches its target cell, it binds to specific receptors located on the cell membrane or within the cell, triggering a cellular response.
