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In most this is through an effect called photoperiodism. Since the earth wobbles on her axis the ratio of daylight/nighttime changes in areas away from the equator over the course of the solar year. Therefore, by measuring the amount of dark in a 24 hr period, a plant can effectively tell what time of the year it is. Experiments using artificial lighting have verified this temporal sense in a great number of species. This is not the only way plants orient themselves in time, however. The number of chills the plant has experienced can also be a factor and is the reason you will often see early blooms after mild winters.

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15y ago

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