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The air first enters into the nasal cavity (or mouth) then to the pharynx. Air is warmed by the nasal passages. From there, it passes through the trachea, then to the main bronchi (2, plural is bronchi; 1 is bronchus), and begins its descent into numerous bronchioles in the lungs. Within the lungs, the structures look like an upside down tree, wider at the top (the bronchi, which is like a split trunk of a tree), and getting increasingly narrower in the bronchioles (similar to branches on a tree being wider then getting narrower as the branches reach upward on a tree). At the ends of each bronchiole, there are clumps of aveoli which look like a clump of grapes. The aveloi round balls (just one is an aveolus) have a thin membrane which has many small blood vessels over and around each one. Here, the air we breathe passes into the bloodstream as oxygen. At the same time, carbon dioxide is released from the bloodstream to the aveloi, which expel it into the bronchioles, up though the lungs to the main bronchi, up the trachea, and back up to and out either the nose or the mouth.

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