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RNA viruses generally have very high mutation rates as they lack DNA polymerases which can find and fix mistakes, and are therefore unable to conduct DNA repair of damaged genetic material. Retroviruses integrate a DNA intermediate of their RNA genome into the host genome, and therefore have a higher chance of correcting any mistakes in their genome thanks to the action of proof-reading DNA polymerases belonging to the host cell. Also, retroviruses, unlike other single-stranded RNA viruses they use DNA intermediates to replicate. Reverse transcriptase, a viral enzyme that comes from the virus itself after it is uncoated, converts the viral RNA into a complementary strand of DNA, which is copied to produce a double stranded molecule of viral DNA. This DNA goes on to direct the formation of new virions.
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∙ 16y ago
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∙ 15y agoby use of the enzyme "reverse transcriptase" which makes double stranded DNA chains from single stranded RNA. It is also known as RNA-dependant- DNA polymerase, as DNA polymerase is the enzyme which catalyses the synthesis of a protein strand. by use of the enzyme "reverse transcriptase" which makes double stranded DNA chains from single stranded RNA. It is also known as RNA-dependant- DNA polymerase, as DNA polymerase is the enzyme which catalyses the synthesis of a DNA strand. (sorry typo) second paragraph is correct
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoAn RNA virus requires the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase to convert its genome into DNA. The viral genome encodes for a protein called Integrase that carries out integration of viral DNA into the host DNA.
Read more: How_does_a_RNA_virus_get_viral_DNA_into_a_host_cells_genome
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoAn RNA virus requires the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase to convert its genome into DNA. The viral genome encodes for a protein called Integrase that carries out integration of viral DNA into the host DNA.
Read more: How_does_a_RNA_virus_get_viral_DNA_into_a_host_cells_genome
Wiki User
∙ 13y agoAn RNA virus requires the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase to convert its genome into DNA. The viral genome encodes for a protein called Integrase that carries out integration of viral DNA into the host DNA.
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoRNA virus do posses an enzyme called, "reverse transcriptase" that enable the synthesis of DNA from RNA template. Hence the DNA form of the RNA virus has been made by those enzymes will ultimately integrate into the host genome for its successful infection!
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoThe retroviruses are enveloped viruses that have two complete copies of sRNA. They also contain the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which uses the viral RNA to form a complementary strand of DNA, which is then replicated to form a dsDNA.
This reaction is exactly the reverse of the typical transcription step (DNA -> RNA) in protein synthesis. This why they are called retroviruses.
For virus replication to continue, the newly formed DNA must be transcribed into viral RNA that will function as mRNA for viral protein synthesis and be incorporated into new virions.
To do so, the DNA must first migrate to the host cell nucleus and become incorporated into chromosomes of host cells. Such integrated viral DNA is known as a provirus.
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What is the lyctic cycle?
I suppose you mean "lytic cycle". It's the reproductive cycle of virus in which upon entering the host, the viral genome directs the host genome to produce viral proteins and after assembly and maturation of viral particles, they get released by host lysis. There is another cycle called lysogenic cycle in which the viral genome integrates with the host instead of causing lysis.
What viral infection that leads to the integration of the viral genome into the host cell genome?
Lysogenic cycle
In what cycle of viral replication does the virus destroy the host cell?
During the cycle of viral shedding, the virus has made copies of itself and the host cell is no longer useful. The host cell then dies, and the new virus cells then must find a new host.
What is a reterovirus?
A retrovirus is an RNA virus that is replicated in a host cell via the enzyme reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from its RNA genome. The DNA is then incorporated into the host's genome by an integrase enzyme. The virus thereafter replicates as part of the host cell's DNA. Retroviruses are enveloped viruses that belong to the viral family Retrovirida.
When a virus invades a host the most common threat is?
destruction of cells by viral reproduction
What is the lyctic cycle?
I suppose you mean "lytic cycle". It's the reproductive cycle of virus in which upon entering the host, the viral genome directs the host genome to produce viral proteins and after assembly and maturation of viral particles, they get released by host lysis. There is another cycle called lysogenic cycle in which the viral genome integrates with the host instead of causing lysis.
How does the virus affect the genetics of a cell?
Virus penetrates its genetic material into the host. The genome is then inserted randomly on a point of the host genome. Since it is an random event, it can block a pathway of that particular or cause any mutation due to the insertion of viral genome.
What viral infection that leads to the integration of the viral genome into the host cell genome?
Lysogenic cycle
What is a viral infection that leads to the integration of the viral genome into the host cell genome?
Lysogenic cycle
Why do viruses depend in host cells?
Viruses are composed of protein and DNA. The DNA encodes the protein as well as the DNA for the virus. Viruses depend on host cells because they are incapable of reproducing themselves. They enter the host cell and the viral DNA is inserted into the host DNA. The virus then "hijacks" the host cells replication machinery to make more viral protein and viral DNA.
What is a process that a virus can do in a host?
First the virus enters the host cell, then the virus' hereditary material come, then the host cells hereditary material becomes viral, then the host cell expands, and then it POPS!!!
In what cycle of viral replication does the virus destroy the host cell?
During the cycle of viral shedding, the virus has made copies of itself and the host cell is no longer useful. The host cell then dies, and the new virus cells then must find a new host.
What are pro viruses?
A pro virus is a a complete viral genome which is incorporated in a host's genome. It is dormant while incorporated and therefore passed on to that cell's "offspring" and is waiting to be expressed at a later time.
What is a reterovirus?
A retrovirus is an RNA virus that is replicated in a host cell via the enzyme reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from its RNA genome. The DNA is then incorporated into the host's genome by an integrase enzyme. The virus thereafter replicates as part of the host cell's DNA. Retroviruses are enveloped viruses that belong to the viral family Retrovirida.
When a virus invades a host the most common threat is?
destruction of cells by viral reproduction
What is true about a lysogenic infection?
Many viruses enter the lytic cycle immediately following infecting the host cell. However, some viruses may not lyse their host immediately and enter the lysogenic cycle. At the start of the lysogenic cycle, the virus genome is integrated into the host chromosome instead of being immediately transcribed and translated. The virus genome then lies dormant in the host chromosome until a later event triggers its excision from the host chromosome. The excised viral genome will then be transcribed and translated and the virus enters the lytic cycle. the virus hides in the host's DNA.
What is the most common threat to the host organism posed by an invading virus?
destruction of cells by viral reproduction
