DNA, the instructions used by living organisms to grow and develop, is organized into strands. Those strands are then folded up and wound into more compact strands that form chromosomes. A diploid organism is one that has two complete sets of chromosomes. Being a diploid organism offers several advantages. One advantage of having a second chromosome is that there is a "backup". If a gene on one chromosome is damaged or missing, it's not as much of a problem because there is another copy of that gene on the other chromosome. Another advantage is that it adds to the genetic diversity of an organism's offspring. More chromosomes means more genes, which means a bigger gene pool. Having a bigger gene pool means that offspring will be more diverse and that the overall chances that an organism's offspring will survive will increase.
For more information on diploidy and ploidy, see the page links, further down this page, listed under Related Links.
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Neutral variation and Diploidy.
Diploid state of organisms is originated during process of fertilization of sexual reproduction. During fertilization, two haploid cells or gametes of different types are fused together to produce a diploid egg (zygote).
Diploid is the term for cells that contain two chromosomes of each pair. Euploid is a term meaning normal body cells.
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Firstly, some cells (depends on what species you're talking about) have only one copy of each chromosome. Secondly, our opinions on whether haploidy or diploidy is better doesn't have anything to do with reality.
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