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It is caused by capillary action in the plant. In a plants stem there is something called the xylem (The xylem is the part of the plant which the water and nutrients are carried up, the tubes) and phloem. The phloem takes water and nutrients up the stem for the rest of the plant. If a plants stem is bent or fractured or if your tree is badly scarred, they will die. (a tree will take about 5 years to show signs but it will definitely die) There are cells in the stem that pull up the water.

It is caused by capillary action in the plant. For a simple experiment that shows how it works, see the related link below.

If a stem/tree is fractured and immediately splinted it will grow back together. So, this last statement is not altogether true. My husband once tried to pull a tree out of our front yard to move it to another location. In the process he broke the trunk. We splinted it for about 8/12 weeks and it healed itself. It still stands in our front yard where we originally planted it. You can do the same for plants as well. If you remove the fractured stem/limb just below the fracture it too will heal itself. Mother Nature is great! She takes care of her own!

Capillary action (wicking). if you look closely at the edge of the surface of water in a glass, you will see that it climbs up the glass a little. That is capillary action.

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12y ago

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