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The genetic code states which codon (group of three adjacent nucleotides) represents which amino acid.
The code is almost universal. This means that the same codon holds the code for the same amino acid in almost all animals, plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria. This in turn means that if scientists insert a coding segment of human DNA into a bacterial plasmid, the bacteria will synthesize the same chain of amino acids that a human cell does using that gene. This universality of the code is essential for recombinant DNA technology.
To see the full code, visit:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code#RNA_codon_table
(The table on the above Wikipedia page lists the messenger RNA version of the code.)
Why only "almost" universal? Well, some DNA uses a slightly different code, differing by a few codons. Mitochondria, in particular, show some differences from the standardgenetic code (the one used in our chromosomes).
In the standard code, three of the 64 possible codons represent a STOP signal. The other 61 between them code for 20 amino acids (some amino acids are encoded by more than one alternate codon). One of these 61 codons also acts under certain circumstances as the START signal.
A protein consists of one or more polypeptides (chains of amino acids). The one genetic code is used in nuclear DNA to represent the amino acid sequences of all proteins found in organisms (excepting the proteins encoded by mitochondria and a relatively small number of simple organisms with slightly different codes).
What else can I help you with?
How do proteins store energy in living organisms?
Proteins store energy in living organisms by converting excess energy from food into chemical bonds within their structure. This stored energy can be released when needed for various cellular processes.
Why does protein synthesis occur in living organisms?
Protein synthesis occurs in living organisms because proteins are essential for various biological functions, such as growth, repair, and regulation of body processes. Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of life, and are needed for the structure and function of cells and tissues.
What is the Importance of food for living organism?
Food provides nutrients and energy we need.
How do enzymes in proteins facilitate chemical reactions within living organisms?
Enzymes in proteins speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reactions to occur. They do this by binding to specific molecules, called substrates, and helping them undergo chemical changes more efficiently. This allows biological processes to happen at a faster rate, enabling cells to function properly.
How do enzymes, which are proteins, play a crucial role in catalyzing biochemical reactions within living organisms?
Enzymes, as proteins, speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the energy needed for the reactions to occur. They act as catalysts, allowing reactions to happen faster and more efficiently, ultimately enabling essential processes like digestion, metabolism, and cell growth to take place.
How do proteins store energy in living organisms?
Proteins store energy in living organisms by converting excess energy from food into chemical bonds within their structure. This stored energy can be released when needed for various cellular processes.
Gene regulation is necessary in living organisms?
To avoid wasting energy and resources on producing proteins that are not needed nor are already available.
What are two disadvantages obtaining from living organisms the proteins needed to treat diseases?
I love One Direction more than anything in life.
Why does protein synthesis occur in living organisms?
Protein synthesis occurs in living organisms because proteins are essential for various biological functions, such as growth, repair, and regulation of body processes. Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of life, and are needed for the structure and function of cells and tissues.
The proteins that act as catalysts and speed up reactions are the?
Enzymes are the proteins that act as catalysts and speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They do this by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.
What are six Nutrients needed by living organisms?
The six essential nutrients needed by living organisms are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Carbohydrates provide energy, proteins are building blocks for tissues, fats store energy, vitamins and minerals support various bodily functions, and water is essential for hydration and cellular processes.
What are 3 ways living organisms use proteins?
Glucose comes from protein which provides living things with enery and food that enable the organism to carry out actions that are needed to stay alive e.g. respiration in animals and photosynthesis in plants. Protein is necessary for the building and repair of body tissues. Proteins help in the repair of damaged tissues. To be used in building structures in living things.
What type of biological molecule contains the information needed to synthesize a living organisms proteins?
The type of biological molecule that contains the information needed to synthesize a living organism's proteins is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA holds the genetic blueprint in the form of sequences of nucleotides, which are transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA is then translated into proteins by ribosomes, using the information encoded in the DNA.
What is the Importance of food for living organism?
Food provides nutrients and energy we need.
Why do herbivores need amino acids nucleic acids and protein?
It is needed to make proteins
Where are proteins found in nature?
Proteins are found in all living things as well as needed by living things. Animals and vegetables are good sources of protein.
How do enzymes in proteins facilitate chemical reactions within living organisms?
Enzymes in proteins speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reactions to occur. They do this by binding to specific molecules, called substrates, and helping them undergo chemical changes more efficiently. This allows biological processes to happen at a faster rate, enabling cells to function properly.
