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Both types of signaling can occur over long distances: neurons can send action potentials along
very long axons (from the spinal cord to the fingers, for example), and hormones are passed
through the bloodstream throughout the organism. Neurons secrete large amounts of
neurotransmitters into a small, well-defined space at the synapse, yielding a high local
concentration. Neurotransmitter receptors, theref
ore, need to bind to neurotransmitters with only
low affinity (high
K
d). By contrast, hormones are diluted extensively in the bloodstream, where they
circulate at minuscule concentrations; hormone receptors, therefore, generally bind their hormones
with extremely high affinity (low
K
d). Neuronal signaling is very fast, limited only by the speed of
propagation of the action potential and the workings of the synapse. In addition to speed, nerves
communicate directly with one or a few cells. Hormonal signaling is slower, limited by blood flow
and diffusion over relatively large distances, but it communicates at the same time with all the
diverse and widely dispersed target cells in the body.
What else can I help you with?
List 3 ways that hormone secretions are regulated?
There are three general mechanisms that govern the secretion or release of a hormone; humoral, hormonal, and neural. Humoral release is governed by the presence of certain ions or nutrients in the blood. For example, the amount of glucose in your blood determines whether insulin or glucagon is secreted. Hormonal release is stimulated by the presence of other hormones. An example would be thyroid stimulating hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary stimulates the production/secretion of thyroid hormone. Finally, neural release is governed by nervous system controls. The classic example of neural release is neurons from your sympathetic (fight-or-flight) nervous system determine the release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
What are two types of neural network in the visual system?
The two types of neural networks in the visual system are the retina and the visual cortex. The retina processes visual information captured by the eye's photoreceptors and sends the information to the brain. The visual cortex, located in the brain's occipital lobe, further processes and interprets the visual signals received from the retina to generate a coherent visual perception.
Describe the neural pathways that are activated when you hit your thumb with a hammer?
They would include the afferent neurons, starting from the median nerve then traveling up to where it meets the ulnar and radial nerves in the brachial plexus. From there they would enter the central nervous system via the spinal cord and up to your parietal lobes after passing through the thalamus. Then your frontal lobe's left side, in an area called Broca's area, would trigger efferent motor neurons to make you say, "Ouch!"
What is the job of neuron?
The function of a neuron is to transmit a signal at a very fast rate. The function of the entire nervous system is to provide a system that allows for signals to be transmitted quickly from one specific location to another locations.
What type of tissue is specialized to respond to environmental changes?
Nervous tissue is specialized to respond to environmental changes. It consists of neurons that can detect stimuli, transmit electrical signals, and coordinate a response to the changes in the environment.
Which would require more neural signals being sent by the nervous system to the muscles of your arms?
Activities that involve fine motor skills, such as playing a musical instrument or typing, typically require more neural signals to be sent by the nervous system to the muscles of your arms. These tasks demand precise coordination and control of multiple small muscles, leading to increased neural activity. In contrast, simpler movements like lifting a heavy object may require fewer signals since they involve larger muscle groups and less intricate control.
What is the process called when the ear registers sound waves that are transformed into electrical signals that becomes neural impulses?
This process is called transduction. Sound waves are converted into electrical signals by hair cells in the cochlea of the inner ear. These signals are then sent as neural impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve for processing.
Can people live without electricity?
No, neural signals in the body are electrical in nature. Without electricity your heart and other muscles would not function.
If you exercise vigorously for an hour how many signals would most likely be sent to your kidneys?
During vigorous exercise, the body sends numerous signals to the kidneys to regulate fluid balance, electrolytes, and blood pressure. Hormones like aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are released to promote water retention and maintain blood volume. The exact number of signals can vary based on individual physiology and hydration status, but it's safe to say that many hormonal and neural signals are activated to support kidney function during intense physical activity.
What regulates gastric motility and emptying?
Gastric motility and emptying are regulated by various factors including neural input from the vagus nerve, hormonal signals such as gastrin and cholecystokinin, and the physical presence of food in the stomach. These signals coordinate muscle contractions in the stomach and regulate the rate at which food moves into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption.
What would happen if the embryo did not prevent menstruation?
If the embryo did not prevent menstruation, the hormonal signals necessary to maintain the uterine lining would not be produced, leading to the shedding of the endometrium. This would result in a menstrual period, effectively terminating the pregnancy. Without the embryo's signals, the body would treat the pregnancy as non-existent, and normal menstrual cycles would resume.
How would you know if you are having hormonal changes?
It depends on which type of hormonal change
Why is is necessary for there to be space between the axon of one neuron and the the dendrites of another neuron?
The space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron, known as the synaptic cleft, is crucial for the transmission of signals. This gap allows neurotransmitters to be released from the axon terminal of the sending neuron and bind to receptors on the dendrites of the receiving neuron, facilitating communication. Without this space, direct electrical signals would interfere with the precise chemical signaling necessary for complex neural processes. Additionally, the synaptic cleft enables the regulation and modulation of signals, contributing to the overall flexibility of neural communication.
List 3 ways that hormone secretions are regulated?
There are three general mechanisms that govern the secretion or release of a hormone; humoral, hormonal, and neural. Humoral release is governed by the presence of certain ions or nutrients in the blood. For example, the amount of glucose in your blood determines whether insulin or glucagon is secreted. Hormonal release is stimulated by the presence of other hormones. An example would be thyroid stimulating hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary stimulates the production/secretion of thyroid hormone. Finally, neural release is governed by nervous system controls. The classic example of neural release is neurons from your sympathetic (fight-or-flight) nervous system determine the release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
What week of gestation does the neural tube close?
The neural tube closes around the 28th day of gestation, so that would be at the end of the fourth week.
What are two types of neural network in the visual system?
The two types of neural networks in the visual system are the retina and the visual cortex. The retina processes visual information captured by the eye's photoreceptors and sends the information to the brain. The visual cortex, located in the brain's occipital lobe, further processes and interprets the visual signals received from the retina to generate a coherent visual perception.
Are the moods of the speakers in Whitman's To a Stranger and Dickinson's If I knew you were coming in the fall the same or different and would you compare or contrast them in a compareand contrast?
The moods of the speakers are different, and you would contrast them in a compare-and-contrast.
