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What happens to electrons when pigments in photosystem II absorbs light?
they move through an electron transport chain to photosystem 1
How is ATP made in the light reactions?
In the light reaction, when electrons are transferred from photosystem 1 to photosystem 2, it goes through an electron transport chain. This ETC pumps protons into the thykaloid. Those protons diffuse out of the thykaloid through ATP synthase which energizes a phosphate group to bond to ADP. This creates ATP.
What reactions occur in the cristae of the mitochondria?
The cristae of the mitochondria are the sites for the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. These reactions involve transferring electrons along the chain and using the energy released to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
What is the role of water in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Water is split in the light reactions of photosynthesis to provide electrons for the photosynthetic electron transport chain. This process releases oxygen as a byproduct. Additionally, water molecules help maintain the balance of protons and electrons within the thylakoid membrane during the light reactions.
How many times are electrons energized during photosynthesis?
The thylakoid membrane contains 2 photosytems, known as Photosystem I and Photosystem II. Together, they function to absorb light and transfer energy to electrons.
What happens after sunlight hits photo system two?
After sunlight hits Photosystem II, it energizes the electrons in the chlorophyll molecules. The energized electrons are then passed through an electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH molecules through the process of photophosphorylation.
Energized electrons at the primary electron acceptor flow to where?
an electron transport chain.
Where do the reactions of the electrons transport chains occur?
In the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
What electron move high energy between photosystems?
The electrons that move between photosystems in photosynthesis are energized by sunlight and carried by electron carrier molecules such as plastocyanin and ferredoxin. These high-energy electrons are transferred through a series of redox reactions in the electron transport chain to generate ATP and NADPH for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Which sentence best describes what happen after sunlight hits photosystemll?
After sunlight hits photosystem II, it energizes electrons that are passed through the electron transport chain to photosystem I. This process helps establish a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane and powers ATP production through ATP synthase. The energized electrons eventually combine with NADP+ to form NADPH, which is used in the Calvin cycle to produce sugars.
Do the energized electrons at the primary electron acceptor flow to the reaction center?
Yes, energized electrons at the primary electron acceptor flow to the reaction center of photosystem I or II in the process of photosynthesis. This movement of electrons is essential for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
Which is a role of photosystem ll in the light reactions?
Photosystem II (PSII) plays a crucial role in the light reactions of photosynthesis by capturing light energy and using it to energize electrons. This process initiates the photolysis of water, splitting it into oxygen, protons, and electrons. The energized electrons from PSII are then transferred to the electron transport chain, ultimately contributing to the synthesis of ATP and NADPH, which are essential for the Calvin cycle. Additionally, PSII helps to replenish its lost electrons by extracting them from water molecules.
Transport chain series of proteins embedded in a membrane along which energized electrons are transported as electrons are passed from molecule energy is released?
The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons pass through this chain, energy is released and used to pump protons across the membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to generate ATP, the main energy source for cellular functions.
How is it that the light reactions do not run out of electrons?
The light reactions of photosynthesis involve a continuous flow of electrons through the electron transport chain, which is replenished by splitting water molecules to release more electrons. This process ensures a constant supply of electrons to keep the reactions running.
During what is electrons transferred and energy is released?
Electrons are transferred and energy is released during chemical reactions, such as in redox reactions where one species loses electrons (oxidation) and another gains electrons (reduction). This transfer of electrons leads to the formation of new chemical bonds and the release of energy in the form of heat or light.
What happens to electrons when pigments in photosystem II absorbs light?
they move through an electron transport chain to photosystem 1
Where do plants get their replacement electrons from?
Plants get their replacement electrons for photosynthesis from water molecules. During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split to release oxygen and provide electrons for the electron transport chain.
