Citric acid cycle :)
they move through an electron transport chain to photosystem 1
In the light reaction, when electrons are transferred from photosystem 1 to photosystem 2, it goes through an electron transport chain. This ETC pumps protons into the thykaloid. Those protons diffuse out of the thykaloid through ATP synthase which energizes a phosphate group to bond to ADP. This creates ATP.
The cristae of the mitochondria are the sites for the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. These reactions involve transferring electrons along the chain and using the energy released to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.
Water is split in the light reactions of photosynthesis to provide electrons for the photosynthetic electron transport chain. This process releases oxygen as a byproduct. Additionally, water molecules help maintain the balance of protons and electrons within the thylakoid membrane during the light reactions.
The thylakoid membrane contains 2 photosytems, known as Photosystem I and Photosystem II. Together, they function to absorb light and transfer energy to electrons.
After sunlight hits Photosystem II, it energizes the electrons in the chlorophyll molecules. The energized electrons are then passed through an electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH molecules through the process of photophosphorylation.
an electron transport chain.
In the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
The electrons that move between photosystems in photosynthesis are energized by sunlight and carried by electron carrier molecules such as plastocyanin and ferredoxin. These high-energy electrons are transferred through a series of redox reactions in the electron transport chain to generate ATP and NADPH for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
After sunlight hits photosystem II, it energizes electrons that are passed through the electron transport chain to photosystem I. This process helps establish a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane and powers ATP production through ATP synthase. The energized electrons eventually combine with NADP+ to form NADPH, which is used in the Calvin cycle to produce sugars.
Yes, energized electrons at the primary electron acceptor flow to the reaction center of photosystem I or II in the process of photosynthesis. This movement of electrons is essential for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
Photosystem II (PSII) plays a crucial role in the light reactions of photosynthesis by capturing light energy and using it to energize electrons. This process initiates the photolysis of water, splitting it into oxygen, protons, and electrons. The energized electrons from PSII are then transferred to the electron transport chain, ultimately contributing to the synthesis of ATP and NADPH, which are essential for the Calvin cycle. Additionally, PSII helps to replenish its lost electrons by extracting them from water molecules.
The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons pass through this chain, energy is released and used to pump protons across the membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to generate ATP, the main energy source for cellular functions.
The light reactions of photosynthesis involve a continuous flow of electrons through the electron transport chain, which is replenished by splitting water molecules to release more electrons. This process ensures a constant supply of electrons to keep the reactions running.
Electrons are transferred and energy is released during chemical reactions, such as in redox reactions where one species loses electrons (oxidation) and another gains electrons (reduction). This transfer of electrons leads to the formation of new chemical bonds and the release of energy in the form of heat or light.
they move through an electron transport chain to photosystem 1
Plants get their replacement electrons for photosynthesis from water molecules. During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water molecules are split to release oxygen and provide electrons for the electron transport chain.