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What are ionophore and how many types of ionophores are present?
Ionophores are molecules that transport ions across cell membranes. There are several types of ionophores, such as valinomycin, gramicidin, and monensin, each with specific ion transport properties. They are used in research and medicine to study ion movements in cells.
What ionophores are fed to dairy and beef cows?
The major ionophore in cattle feed in the United States is monensin, which has anti-protozoal properties and helps keep Giardia cysts under control.
State how facilitated diffusion is achieved?
Facilitated diffusion occurs when a substance is aided across a membrane by a special molecule called an ionophore. Ionophores allow some molecules to diffuse but not others, effectively speeding up the rate of diffusion of that molecule.
Why ionophore antibiotics do not kill even your human cells but only bacterial ones?
Only microbes have ionophones, which are channels in their membranes. By blocking them using antibiotics, the cell will die as they can not bring ions in and out of their cells. Human cells don't have these and so are not affected by those antibiotics.
Which is channel forming ionophore - valinomycin or gramicidin A?
gramicidin A
Do cattle get to have antibiotics given to them?
Yes. Antibiotics are mainly put in baby animal feed. Baby animals like chicks and calves have medicated feed, but you can choose un-medicated feed if you like. Ionophores are a form of antibiotic that are added to the feed of feedlot cattle. They act to reduce the incidence of bloat and to increase feed efficiency by changing microflora dynamics. Doing so gets the rumen microbe community to produce less methane--a gas wasted via eructation--and more propionate, which can be more readily used by the animal. Ionophores are also used to reduce incidences of coccidiosis in cattle. Antibiotics, in sub-therapeutic levels, are also given to dairy cattle, pigs and poultry to promote growth and feed efficiency. Note these feed additives are not given at the same levels, and are very often different from the antibiotics needed to be administered to animals with bacterial infections.
What is lasalocid?
Lasalocid is a type of ionophore antibiotic commonly used in veterinary medicine to treat coccidiosis in livestock, particularly in poultry and cattle. It works by disrupting the transport of ions across cell membranes in coccidian parasites, leading to their death. Lasalocid should be used carefully and under veterinary guidance due to its potential toxicity in non-target species.
What are some nine letter words with 1st letter I and 6th letter H and 8th letter R and 9th letter E?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 1 words with the pattern I----H-RE. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter I and 6th letter H and 8th letter R and 9th letter E. In alphabetical order, they are: ionophore
What are some nine letter words with 3rd letter N and 4th letter O and 5th letter P?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 40 words with the pattern --NOP----. That is, nine letter words with 3rd letter N and 4th letter O and 5th letter P. In alphabetical order, they are: canopying gonophore gonopores gynophobe gynophore ionopause ionophore menopause menopolis menopomes monophagy monophase monophony monophyly monopitch monoplane monoploid monopodes monopodia monopoles monopsony monoptera monoptote monopulse oenophile oenophils oenophily panoplied panoplies sinopises sinopites synopsise synopsize synoptics synoptist tonoplast xenophile xenophobe xenophoby xenopuses
What percentage of antibiotics are being used on cattle?
A common misconception is that 80% of antibiotics used in cattle (or livestock in general) are used in humans. The fact of the matter is that to generate such a percentage is not that simple as simply getting some simple percent to wave around in everyone's faces. There are many more livestock in North America (more emphasis placed on the US of A) than humans, and most of these livestock are larger and need a bigger dose of medicine--including antibiotic--than the average human needs. Also, many antibiotics used in human medicine are different than what are used in animals. See, 13 percent of antibiotics, in the form of ionophores (the most common form, being monensin, is not used in humans) make up the antibiotic total. The rest of the total of what the FDA had provided--as in a little over 13 million antibiotics--are used for sick animals, not on healthy animals just so the farmer can "make a quick buck." Bottom line is that it is quite impossible to glean an exact percentage of antibiotics used in livestock like cattle, no matter how you try to look at it or work around it.
What are some nine letter words with 4th letter O and 5th letter P and 7th letter O?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 43 words with the pattern ---OP-O--. That is, nine letter words with 4th letter O and 5th letter P and 7th letter O. In alphabetical order, they are: acrophobe acrophony aerophobe aerophone aerophore allophone angophora autophoby autophony cacophony colophons colophony cryoprobe ectoproct endoproct entoproct gonophore gynophobe gynophore halophobe holophote homophobe homophone homophony hypoploid hypopnoea hypopyons ideophone idiophone iodophors ionophore monophony monoploid monopsony monoptote octoploid optophone pyrophone saxophone strophoid xenophobe xenophoby xylophone
What are some nine letter words with 6th letter H and 7th letter O and 8th letter R?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 44 words with the pattern -----HOR-. That is, nine letter words with 6th letter H and 7th letter O and 8th letter R. In alphabetical order, they are: adiaphora aerophore alpenhorn angashore angophora backshore buckthorn canephora canephore canephors cataphora coanchors coauthors decachord firethorn foreshore gonophore greenhorn gynophore hartshorn hexachord iodophors ionophore krummhorn lakeshore longshore metaphors monochord nearshore notochord octachord octothorp parachors phosphore phosphori phosphors pronghorn rheochord semaphore shorthorn sloethorn stinkhorn stockhorn unanchors
