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Mechanism that restores the resting membrane voltage and intracellular ionic concentrations?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
The Sodium Potassium Pump
(opposed to the channels)
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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What process restores the 2N chromosome number in a zygote's somatic cells for growth and development to continue?
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How do neurons conduct impulses?
axonsAction Potential and Axon Conduction- Resting membrane potential provides and immediate source of power (it can cause a rapid change)- Hyperpolarize - makes membrane potential more negative- Depolarize - makes membrane potential less negativeo Depolarization reaches a threshold, at this threshold you cause a massive electrical change (Action Potential aka Impulse aka Spike)- Threshold - generally 15mV above resting membrane potentialo Threshold for a neuron is around -70 less 15 = -55mV- All-or-none lawo Size of action potential for a given neuron is always the same regardless of the size of the stimulus that initiated it- Information about Magnitudeo Conveyed by frequency of action potentials (#/sec [Hz])- Alternative to Action Potential:o Graded Potential - passive change occurso Signal gets smaller and smaller as it moves on - such as some neurons found in the eyesMolecular Basis of Action Potential- Depolarizationo Results in sodium membrane "channels" or "gates" begin to open- At threshold, the number of open channels overcomes the sodium-potassium pumpo The channels have a time-limit and once open will automatically close after ½ msec.- Sodium current makes membrane potential positive, and at peak, sodium channels close and potassium channels open- Now, potassium channels open and potassium ions rush out (triggered by threshold, but have a delay to open so open after the sodium channels)- Brief hyperpolarization (voltage surpasses -70mV) while sodium potassium pump restores ion distribution- These voltage-dependant (activated) channels define the action potential- Sustained activity leads to an increase in extra-cellular potassium (typically picked up by astrocytes)- Glial cell (astrocytes) transports excess potassium to nearby arteries causing a dilation of the artery wallo More active areas need more oxygen and glucose, so the movement of the potassium to the arteries, cause them to dilate and thus allow more volume of blood (and nutrients) to the area- Refractory period - period when the cell is resistant to the generation of further action potentialso Restricts the firing rate of the cell- Two phases of the refractory period:o Absolute - no firing regardless of the size of the stimuluso Relative - threshold is higher than normalConduction of the Nerve Impulse- Action potential is regenerated at each adjacent patch of the membrane (because of diffusing sodium from generation of action potential)- Cannot move backwards - seen as a wave rather than distinct action potentials because the patches are so small, and it moves so fast- Called the propagation of the action potential- Slower than conduction of electricity down a copper wire (1-10m/sec vs. 300million m/sec)- Axons with myelin sheaths are faster (120m/sec)o Myelin sheath insulates the axon, so that sodium ions cannot pass into or out of the cello Sodium can cross at Nodes of Ranvier to generate a new action potentialo From one Node to the next, a graded potential regenerates a new action potential at the next nodeo Called "salutatory conduction"
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When people are running they expending energy. More energy is needed to be made from stored energy. The way for this to happen is hydrogen and oxygen atoms to connect and form water. More oxygen needs to be produced for this process to happen that is why heavy breathing occurs.
What is the mechanism that restores the resting membrane voltage and intracellular ionic concentration?
repolarization
What is the mechanism in which ATP is used to move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell restores the resting membrane voltage and intracellular ionic concentrations?
Repolarization The questioner was looking for the mechanism not the process. The answer is the sodium potassium pump.
The membrane-bound enzyme system that restores and maintains the resting membrane potential is what pump?
sodium-potassium
What restores and puts the cell membrane to resting conditions after an action potential?
Calcium
What restores ionic conditions and what restores Electrical conditions?
the Na+/K+ pump restores ionic conditions while initial events restore the electrical conditions
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A pardon (for a single person).And an executive act that restores a group of people's rights is called amnesty.
What is elixir in Pokemon?
it restores the pp of all moves of one Pokemon by i think 5
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Aslan did!
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none do
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6
What does an elixir do in Pokemon?
Elixir restores the PP of a Pokemon's move. There are two types of Elixir: Elixir, and Max Elixir, which restores the PP of all of a Pokemon's moves.
