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Recombinant chromosomes have a mix of paternal and maternal alleles due to?
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
Recombinant chromosomes are the result of linkage and crossing over at the point of crosiing known as Chaismata.
Wiki User
∙ 16y ago
Wiki User
∙ 10y agocrossing over
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How does sexual reproduction creates variety?
Crossing overIndependent assortmentRandom fertilizationMutation1. Crossing overCrossing over is the exchange of corresponding segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. During prophase I (of meisosis I), homologous chromosomes synapse to form aggregates called either bivalents (bi = 2, and there are two homologous chromosomes in the aggregate) or tetrads (tetra = 4, and there are 4 chromatids in the aggregate). While the chromosomes are synapsed in prophase I, crossing over occurs. As a result, a chromatid that originally consisted of 100% maternal alleles and a chromatid that originally consisted of 100% paternal alleles become chromatids with a mixture of both maternal and paternal alleles. This shuffles genetic information and increases variation.2. Independent assortmentIn metaphase I (of meiosis I), the tetrads (bivalents) line up at the center of the cell. Which pole the maternal and paternal chromosomes face is a matter of chance; and the direction the maternal and paternal chromosomes face in one tetrad has no bearing on which way the maternal and paternal chromosomes of another tetrad face. Thus, when the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles, each pole will receive a mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes. This shuffles genetic information and increases variation.3. Random fertilizationBecause of the above processes, male animals can potentially produce millions or hundreds of millions of genetically unique sperm. And, male animals typically release millions of sperm during sex. Which one of the millions of genetically unique sperm happens to end up fertilizing the egg is largely a matter of chance. Thus, except foridentical twins, siblings never have exactly the same genetic information.4 Mutation takes place during replication of DNA which result in new varieties .
Where is genetic information located in a cell?
Genetic information is the combining of alleles and their outcome. Chromosomes form alleles and chromosomes are formed inside of a cell.
What does sex linked alleles mean?
Sex linked genes occur only on the X or the Y sex chromosomes.
What does alleles always come in?
Alleles are generally inherited in pairs, except for alleles on the X and Y sex chromosomes in males.
What happens when a single gene has two alleles?
Two alleles represent a gene. ETC- The paternal (fathers) allele is B (for brown eyes) The mothers (maternal) is b ( for blue eyes) The capital B is the dominant allele, lowercase b is recessive. Therefore, a punnet square will show the offspring can be either hetrozygous or homozygous (recessive or dominant) Alleles represent the charactersitic, while a gene is a segment of DNA where heredity is based.
How does sexual reproduction creates variety?
Crossing overIndependent assortmentRandom fertilizationMutation1. Crossing overCrossing over is the exchange of corresponding segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. During prophase I (of meisosis I), homologous chromosomes synapse to form aggregates called either bivalents (bi = 2, and there are two homologous chromosomes in the aggregate) or tetrads (tetra = 4, and there are 4 chromatids in the aggregate). While the chromosomes are synapsed in prophase I, crossing over occurs. As a result, a chromatid that originally consisted of 100% maternal alleles and a chromatid that originally consisted of 100% paternal alleles become chromatids with a mixture of both maternal and paternal alleles. This shuffles genetic information and increases variation.2. Independent assortmentIn metaphase I (of meiosis I), the tetrads (bivalents) line up at the center of the cell. Which pole the maternal and paternal chromosomes face is a matter of chance; and the direction the maternal and paternal chromosomes face in one tetrad has no bearing on which way the maternal and paternal chromosomes of another tetrad face. Thus, when the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles, each pole will receive a mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes. This shuffles genetic information and increases variation.3. Random fertilizationBecause of the above processes, male animals can potentially produce millions or hundreds of millions of genetically unique sperm. And, male animals typically release millions of sperm during sex. Which one of the millions of genetically unique sperm happens to end up fertilizing the egg is largely a matter of chance. Thus, except foridentical twins, siblings never have exactly the same genetic information.4 Mutation takes place during replication of DNA which result in new varieties .
What is a hybrid gene?
A hybrid gene is a gene that is formed from a combination of two different genes. It can be made by recombinant DNA technology. Hybrid genes possess at least one characteristic of both the genes combined.
What is it called when homologous chromosomes trade alleles?
Crossing-over is when segments of homologous chromosomes switch places. This process occurs during prophase I of meiosis and results in recombinant chromosomes. This adds to the variation seen in offspring.
How do meiosis and sexual reproduction fertilization produce offspring that differ genetically from the parents?
Meiosis maintains genetic diversity in two ways:1) Genetic recombination: the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids2) By random assortment of paternal and maternal chromosomes and the alleles of genes they contain.
What is the difference between recombinant and parental chromatids and how do they arise?
Parental chromatids are chromatids that have a combination of alleles identical to the parents and Recombinant chromatids are chromatids that have a mix of alleles from both parents.
What are some rules of heredity?
There are three main ones: The Law of Segregation, the Law of Independent Assortment, and the Law of Dominance. 1)The law of Segregation states that the two alleles (genes) for a heritable character segregate (separate from each other) during gamete (sgg or sperm) formation and end up in different gametes. 2) In the Law of Independent Assortment, the chromosomes that result are randomly sorted from all possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes: 223 3) Law of Dominance states that recessive alleles will always be masked by dominant alleles.(In general).
Alleles found on the same chromosomes are what?
Alleles are different versions of the same gene
Genes are located on structures called what?
The structures are called chromosomes.
Different alleles of the same gene are found?
at the same place on homologous chromosomes source: Alleles of a gene reside at the same locus on homologous chromosomes.
Where is genetic information located in a cell?
Genetic information is the combining of alleles and their outcome. Chromosomes form alleles and chromosomes are formed inside of a cell.
What does sex linked alleles mean?
Sex linked genes occur only on the X or the Y sex chromosomes.
What does alleles always come in?
Alleles are generally inherited in pairs, except for alleles on the X and Y sex chromosomes in males.
