Relationship between matter and energy in ocean ecosystem food chain?

Answer 1

· 1. Section 3 Matter and Energy in Ecosystems

· 2. Energy Flow Through Ecosystems Food contains nutrients and energy needed for survival. Matter and Energy 3 When one organism is food for another organism, some of the energy in the first organism (the food) is transferred to the second organism (the eater).

· 3. Energy Flow Through Ecosystems Producers are organisms that take in and use energy from the Sun or some other source to produce food. Consumers are organisms that take in energy when they feed on producers or other consumers. Matter and Energy 3 When organisms die, other organisms called decomposers take in energy as they break down the remains of organisms.

· 4. Food Chains A food chain is a model, a simple way of showing how energy, in the form of food, passes from one organism to another. When drawing a food chain, arrows between organisms indicate the direction of energy transfer. Matter and Energy 3

· 5. Food Chains Food chains usually have only three or four links. This is because the available energy decreases from one link to the next link. In a food chain, the amount of energy left for the last link is only a small portion of the energy in the first link. Matter and Energy 3

· 6. Food Webs A food web is a series of overlapping food chains that exist in an ecosystem. A food web provides a more complete model of the way energy moves through an ecosystem. Matter and Energy 3

· 7. Food Webs Matter and Energy 3

· 8. Topic: Energy Transfer Food chains are models that represent energy moving through an environment. As food moves through a food chain very little energy is passed from one level to the next. Food webs are models of several overlapping food chains.

· 9. Ecological Pyramids Most of the energy in the biosphere comes from the Sun. Producers take in and transform only a small part of the energy that reaches Earth's surface. Matter and Energy 3

· 10. Ecological Pyramids An ecological pyramid models the number of organisms at each level of a food chain. The bottom of an ecological pyramid represents the producers of an ecosystem. Matter and Energy 3 The rest of the levels represent successive consumers.

· 11. Energy Pyramid An energy pyramid compares the energy available at each level of the food chain in an ecosystem. A pyramid of energy usually has three or four levels. Matter and Energy 3 Only about ten percent of the energy at each level of the pyramid is available to the next level.

· 12. Topic: Energy Pyramids Most of the energy in an environment comes from the sun. An ecological pyramid models the number of organisms at each level of a food chain Only about ten percent of the energy at each level of the pyramid is available to the next level

· 13. The Cycles of Matter The law of conservation of mass states that matter on Earth is never lost or gained. It is used over and over again. The carbon atoms in your body might have been on Earth since the planet formed billions of years ago. They have been recycled billions of times. Matter and Energy 3

· 14. Other Cycles in Nature Matter and Energy 3 The movement of carbon through Earth's biosphere is called the carbon cycle.

· 15. Other Cycles in Nature The nitrogen cycle begins with the transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to producers then to consumers. Matter and Energy 3 The nitrogen then moves back to the atmosphere or directly into producers again. Phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements needed by living organisms also are used and returned to the environment.

· 16. Topic: Matter and Cycles Matter cannot be created or destroyed. The three main cycles that affect living things are the water cycle, the carbon cycle, and the nitrogen cycle. Carbon is cycled through photosynthesis and respiration. (pg. 216, 275) Nitrogen is mainly cycled from producers to consumers and back to the atmosphere. (pg. 216)

· 17. What Have You Learned? Why will most habitats never reach biotic potential? What is the difference in food chains and food webs? What does an energy pyramid show? What cycles mainly effect living things?

Answer 2

In an ocean ecosystem food chain, matter (nutrients and organic molecules) is transferred from one organism to another as energy flows through the system. Primary producers (e.g. phytoplankton) convert energy from sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then consumed by herbivores, carnivores, and ultimately decomposers. This transfer of matter and energy facilitates the cycling of nutrients and sustains the interconnected web of life in the ocean ecosystem.