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Are the nucleus and the mitochondrion surrounded by two layers of unit membrane?
Yes, both the nucleus and mitochondria are surrounded by two layers of unit membrane. The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, made up of two lipid bilayers, while the mitochondria have an outer and inner mitochondrial membrane.
How is the inner membrane of the mitochondria adapted to its function?
The mitochondrial inner membrane forms internal compartments - within the organelle - known as cristae, which allow greater space for the proteins such as cytochromes to function correctly. Also, the electron transport chain is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria and within the mitochondrions inner membrane are also transport proteins that transport in a highly controlled manner metabolites across this membrane.
Which is an organelle found in the cytoplasm has a smooth outer membrane and greatly folded inner membrane?
Endoplasmic Reticulum: a series of highly folded membranes, "rough" endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes attached to it. "Smooth" endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes attached to it and is the structure where fats (lipids) are made but both types of endoplasmic reticulum carry materials through the cytoplasm.
What organelle has two subparts?
The mitochondria is an organelle that has two subparts: the outer membrane and the inner membrane. The inner membrane is highly folded into structures called cristae, which are important for increasing surface area to allow for more efficient ATP production.
What is the energy called that is produced in mitochondria?
Mitochondria produce chemical energy, in the form of Adenosine triphosphate or ATP.
How is the innermost of these layers different from that of the nucleus?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded
What is the structure of the mitochondria?
The structure of the mitochondria include the inner mitochondrial membrane, the outer mitochondrial membrane, the intermembrane space, the cristae, and then the mitochondrial matrix. Click on the related link for a detailed description on the structure of the mitochondria.
How is the innermost mitochondrial layer different from that of the nucleus?
It is highly folded.
Why are cristae highly folded?
Cristae are highly folded to increase the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane. This increased surface area allows for more space and structure for important cellular processes, such as cellular respiration and ATP production, to occur efficiently. The folding also helps maximize the number of respiratory chain enzymes and other proteins that are embedded within the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Are the nucleus and the mitochondrion surrounded by two layers of unit membrane?
Yes, both the nucleus and mitochondria are surrounded by two layers of unit membrane. The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, made up of two lipid bilayers, while the mitochondria have an outer and inner mitochondrial membrane.
Why is mitochondria highly folded?
The mitochondria itself is not highly folded. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is, and this increases the surface area of the membrane while not changing the volume enclosed by it. The inner membrane contains ATP synthase, which is an enzyme that stimulates the production of ATP, which the cell uses as an energy source. This means that with more membrane, the cells ability to produce ATP, or energy, is increased. This is enforced by the observation that in cells with a high demand for energy, such as muscle cells, the inner mitochondrial membrane has a lot more folds than in cells like liver cells, which have a lower energy demand.
Which are the two parts of mitchondria?
Mitochondria have two main parts: the outer membrane and the inner membrane. The outer membrane is smooth and serves as a boundary, while the inner membrane is highly folded into structures called cristae, which increase the surface area for biochemical reactions. Between these membranes is the intermembrane space, and inside the inner membrane is the mitochondrial matrix, where various metabolic processes occur.
What is found only in plant and algae cells that consist of two envelope like membranes that surround a folded inner membrane?
This structure is the chloroplast, which is the site of photosynthesis in plant and algal cells. The inner membrane of the chloroplast is highly folded to increase the surface area available for reactions to occur.
How is the inner membrane of the mitochondria adapted to its function?
The mitochondrial inner membrane forms internal compartments - within the organelle - known as cristae, which allow greater space for the proteins such as cytochromes to function correctly. Also, the electron transport chain is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria and within the mitochondrions inner membrane are also transport proteins that transport in a highly controlled manner metabolites across this membrane.
How and why do inner and outer mitochondrial membranes differ in permeability?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is selectively permeable and highly impermeable to ions and polar molecules due to the presence of transport proteins like ATP synthase and carriers for metabolites. This allows for the establishment of a proton gradient necessary for ATP production. In contrast, the outer mitochondrial membrane is more permeable and allows for the passage of ions, metabolites, and small proteins, facilitating communication and transport of molecules between the mitochondria and the cytosol.
Which is an organelle found in the cytoplasm has a smooth outer membrane and greatly folded inner membrane?
Endoplasmic Reticulum: a series of highly folded membranes, "rough" endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes attached to it. "Smooth" endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes attached to it and is the structure where fats (lipids) are made but both types of endoplasmic reticulum carry materials through the cytoplasm.
The definition of mitochondrial matrix?
The mitochondrial matrix is the gel-like substance inside the mitochondria where several biochemical reactions take place, such as the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism. It contains enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, and small organic molecules necessary for energy production through cellular respiration.
