Cerebral cortex
The Human Reflex Physiology Review Sheet states that "Conversely, other reflexes require the involvement of the brain, since many different inputs must be evaluated before the appropriate reflex is determined. Superficial cord reflexes and pupillary responses to light are in this category" (p. 342).
I believe a short reflex is when one is partially aroused, as during a bumpy car ride or Kate Winslet's nude scene in Titanic. A long reflex is when the member becomes fully hugified, as during any Paul Walker movie.
The part of the brain responsible for eating are appetite centers of the amygdala and hypothalamus. The licking reflex is seen only certain animals but the centers are located in the medulla oblongata in the lower brainstem.
Reflexes are primarily controlled by the spinal cord, which sends immediate signals to muscles to respond to a stimulus without involving the brain. However, the brain can modulate and regulate reflex responses through higher brain centers to some extent.
Breathing is governed by the respiratory centers in the brainstem, specifically the medulla oblongata and pons. Reflexes are controlled by neural pathways that involve the spinal cord and brainstem, allowing for rapid and involuntary responses to stimuli without conscious control.
The autonomic reflex centers are located in the brainstem and spinal cord. The brainstem houses important autonomic centers such as the medulla oblongata and pons, which regulate functions like heart rate and respiration. The spinal cord contains reflex arcs that control activities like urination and defecation.
Sponges
brain
brain
The Human Reflex Physiology Review Sheet states that "Conversely, other reflexes require the involvement of the brain, since many different inputs must be evaluated before the appropriate reflex is determined. Superficial cord reflexes and pupillary responses to light are in this category" (p. 342).
The primary autonomic center of the brain is the Medulla Oblongata which is responsible for autonomic functions such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure.
Industrialization led to a development of urban centers. These centers attracted people from various places and facilitated an integration of cultures.
Vertical integrationÊdefines theÊsupply chainÊof a company owned by that company. In forward integration a company controls distribution centers and retailers where its products are sold.
Automatic activities that are not programmed by the cortex are called reflexes. These are involuntary responses to stimuli that are controlled by the spinal cord and lower brain centers, without involvement of conscious thought or decision-making processes.
The Human Reflex Physiology Review Sheet states that "Conversely, other reflexes require the involvement of the brain, since many different inputs must be evaluated before the appropriate reflex is determined. Superficial cord reflexes and pupillary responses to light are in this category" (p. 342).
The part of the brain responsible for eating are appetite centers of the amygdala and hypothalamus. The licking reflex is seen only certain animals but the centers are located in the medulla oblongata in the lower brainstem.
Corpora quadrigeminaCorpora quadrigemina