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A current theory is that a majority of the Earth's water came from ice-containing asteroids during the formation of the planet and during the period of Earth history known as the period of heavy bombardment.

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While the above is correct, it should be noted that agreement on the origin of earth's water is not settled and is currently a topic of much scientific debate and research.

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And for a third perspective:

It is true that the theories of how water formed on Earth are subject to debate and the opinions have changed over time, so this is not settled.

That said, there are only three ways Earth could have gotten its water.

1. Water was present when Earth was originally formed from the gas and dust cloud that created the solar system and was part of the original mass that condensed to form Earth.

2. Water was delivered to Earth after the initial formation, primarily in the form of a cometary bombardment. Comets at the time of Earth's early years would have been nearly the same composition, with much water, as they are now. There is much reason to believe that all planets have had significant bombardments.

3. Water, was formed by combining hydrogen and oxygen through chemical processes to form water after the initial formation of Earth. (There are good chemistry reasons to expect this was unlikely.)

Though all three occurred to some degree, the real debate is over how much.

A more thorough discussion of these and other possibilities is provided in the related links.

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