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What is the difference between a compound action potential and a single action potential?
Single action potentials follow the "all or none" rule. That is, if a stimulus is strong enough to depolarize the membrane of the neuron to threshold (~55mV), then an action potential will be fired. Each stimulus that reaches threshold will produce an action potential that is equal in magnitude to every other action potential for the neuron. Compound action potentials do not exhibit this property since they are a bundle of neurons and have different magnitudes of AP's. Thus compound action potentials are graded. That is, the greater the stimulus, the greater the action potential.
A period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the?
refractory period. This is a brief time after a neuron has fired an action potential, during which it cannot generate another action potential in response to a new stimulus. This period is crucial for maintaining the directionality of signal transmission in the nervous system.
How does the end plate potential differ from a EPSP on a post synaptic cell?
End plate potential is the change in potential from neurotransmitters. It can be excitatory or inhibitory. If the action potential wants to continue, it will be excitatory and vice versa. It can be additive, if more action potentials are fired it will increase the end plate potential. An action potential is an all or none response. It will either proceed or it will not proceed depending on the terms of the threshold. It cannot be additive, because there is an absolute refractory period where no additional action potentials can be fired.
What is the significance of positive afterpotential in neuronal signaling?
The positive afterpotential in neuronal signaling is important because it helps to maintain the electrical balance within the neuron after an action potential has been fired. This allows for proper communication between neurons and ensures that signals are transmitted accurately and efficiently.
Do blood cells move from the axon terminal to the dendrites?
No, blood cells do not move from the axon terminal to the dendrites. Axon terminals are parts of neurons that release neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons, while dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons. Blood cells travel through blood vessels and do not interact directly with neurons in this way.
Is the neuron ready to fire during the refractory period?
No, the neuron is not ready to fire during the refractory period. This period occurs immediately after the neuron has fired and is characterized by a temporary inability to generate another action potential.
Does a large stimulus produce a higher amplitude in a action poteintial?
No, the amplitude of an action potential is constant and does not vary with the strength of the stimulus. Instead, the frequency of action potentials fired by a neuron can increase with a stronger stimulus.
What is the difference between a compound action potential and a single action potential?
Single action potentials follow the "all or none" rule. That is, if a stimulus is strong enough to depolarize the membrane of the neuron to threshold (~55mV), then an action potential will be fired. Each stimulus that reaches threshold will produce an action potential that is equal in magnitude to every other action potential for the neuron. Compound action potentials do not exhibit this property since they are a bundle of neurons and have different magnitudes of AP's. Thus compound action potentials are graded. That is, the greater the stimulus, the greater the action potential.
What is the signal fired down the axon called?
The signal fired down the axon is called an action potential. It is a rapid and temporary change in the electrical potential across the neuron's membrane, allowing the transmission of electrical signals along the axon. This process is essential for communication between neurons and the propagation of nerve impulses.
Where does neuron charge build up before fired to the axon?
Before a neuron fires, the charge builds up at the axon hillock, the region where the axon meets the cell body (soma). This area integrates incoming signals from dendrites and determines whether the threshold for firing an action potential is met. If the threshold is reached, an action potential is generated, and the electrical signal travels down the axon.
A period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the?
refractory period. This is a brief time after a neuron has fired an action potential, during which it cannot generate another action potential in response to a new stimulus. This period is crucial for maintaining the directionality of signal transmission in the nervous system.
What condition is neuron in when the outside of the neuron has a net positive charge and the inside has net negative charge?
This is called the resting potential (inactive state) of the neuron. However, when a neurotransmitter binds to receptors, electrical stimulus is applied, etc. to induce an opening of ion channels in the membrane of the neuron, positive ions rush into the neuron from the outside to the inside, and result in a sharp increase of the positive charge density (due to more positive ions) inside the neuron. Beyond a certain threshold, this can induce the creation of an action potential, causing the neuron to fire. After the action potential is created, and the neuron fires, there is a short refractory period where the neuron cannot be fired again due to stimuli, when positive ions are pumped back out of the neuron, negative ions are brought into the neuron, and then the ion channels close, leaving the neuron in a polarized state, and returning it to a resting potential.
How does the end plate potential differ from a EPSP on a post synaptic cell?
End plate potential is the change in potential from neurotransmitters. It can be excitatory or inhibitory. If the action potential wants to continue, it will be excitatory and vice versa. It can be additive, if more action potentials are fired it will increase the end plate potential. An action potential is an all or none response. It will either proceed or it will not proceed depending on the terms of the threshold. It cannot be additive, because there is an absolute refractory period where no additional action potentials can be fired.
Is an action potential fired in response to any nerve stimulus?
No, there must be a sufficient voltage summed up from all the inputs to be at or above the trigger voltage. Usually a single input is not sufficient.
How does frequency of stimulation affect action potentials?
The frequency of stimulation can affect the action potential by influencing the rate at which action potentials are generated in a neuron. Higher frequency stimulation can lead to more action potentials being fired in a shorter amount of time, while lower frequency stimulation may result in fewer action potentials being generated. This relationship is known as frequency-dependent facilitation or depression.
Would increasing frequency of stimulation to trigger zone change number of action potentials?
Yes, increasing the frequency of stimulation can increase the number of action potentials generated in the neuron. This is known as frequency-dependent facilitation, where rapid succession of stimuli can enhance the excitability of the neuron and lead to more action potentials being fired.
What is the significance of positive afterpotential in neuronal signaling?
The positive afterpotential in neuronal signaling is important because it helps to maintain the electrical balance within the neuron after an action potential has been fired. This allows for proper communication between neurons and ensures that signals are transmitted accurately and efficiently.
