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In the context of the immune response, antibodies are made up of heavy and light chains. These chains come together to form the structure of the antibody, which plays a key role in recognizing and neutralizing harmful substances in the body. The heavy chain provides stability and structure to the antibody, while the light chain helps in binding to specific antigens. Together, the heavy and light chains work in harmony to create a functional antibody that can target and eliminate foreign invaders in the immune response.

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What is the difference between heavy chain and light chain in the context of antibody structure?

In the context of antibody structure, heavy chains are larger and provide structural support, while light chains are smaller and help with antigen binding.


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In the context of disease transmission, a reservoir is a place where a pathogen can live and multiply, such as an animal or environment. A vector is an organism that can carry and transmit the pathogen from the reservoir to a host. The relationship between a reservoir and a vector is that the reservoir provides a source of the pathogen, while the vector helps spread the pathogen to new hosts, contributing to the transmission of the disease.


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The classical pathway is part of the innate immune response and is activated by specific molecules on pathogens. The alternative pathway is also part of the innate immune response but is activated by different molecules. Both pathways lead to the activation of the complement system, which helps to eliminate pathogens from the body.

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