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Which are not considered to be microorganisms Helminths b. Fungi c. Bacteria d. Rickettsiae?
Helminths are not considered to be microorganisms. They are multicellular parasitic worms that are larger in size compared to bacteria, fungi, and rickettsiae which are microorganisms.
What types of microbes are eukaryotic?
Some examples of eukaryotic microbes include protozoa, algae, fungi, and some parasites. These organisms have a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles within their cells. Eukaryotic microbes can be found in various environments, ranging from soil and water to the human body.
What are disease causing agents that are transmitted in body fluids?
An infectious disease-causing agent is the pathogen (living micro-organism be it bacterial, viral or parasitic) that can cause disease to its host. The major infectious disease causing agents are bacteria (germ), virus, rickettsia (louse) and parasite. Bacteria are single-celled (unicellular) living organisms with tiny flagella (a tail like appendage that they use to swim). They are invisible to the naked eye and can only be seen with a microscope. They generally have cell walls and may appear in one of several shapes. Bacillus (rodlike), coccus (spherical or ovoid), and spiral (corkscrew or curved). They reproduce by dividing themselves into equal cells (daughter cells). This process is called binary fission. They live in and reproduce in warm, moist environments in the body and other areas where they grow quickly, causing an infection. Many bacterial diseases generally produce inflammation, swelling and pain from nerve irritation and fever caused by increased body temperature by the body fighting the disease. Bacterial infections can usually be treated with antibiotic. Some examples of bacterial disease are: Cholera - caused by the ingestion of contaminated water and food containing the vibrio cholerae agent by excrement of an individual with the disease. A second one is Syphilis. Syphilis spread by sexual intercourse of an infected person to the sexual partner or from an infected mother to her fetus containing the disease agent Treponema pallidium. Other bacterial diseases include; Dysentery, Leprosy, Plague and Scarlet Fever just to name a few. Viruses unlike bacteria are smaller and can only be seen using an electron microscope. They are acellular (not cellular) and are structurally very simple. This makes viruses the smallest life form existing. A virus contains a core made of one type of nuclei acid molecule, which can either be a DNA or RNA. This contains the virus's genes. The core of a virus is usually covered by a protein coat and sometimes may be encased by an additional layer (lipid (fat) membrane) called an envelop. They can be rod-shaped, sphere-shaped, or multisided. Viruses lack the means for self-reproduction outside a host cell and depend on their host cellular system to reproduce. Thus in a sense, they are parasite of a different life form. Unlike parasites however, they are not considered to be to be truly alive. This is due to the fact that when they are outside of a living host they are inert, and are considered living when they multiply within a host cell that they infect. The virus DNA enters cells and uses its DNA to make copy of itself, similar to what the ordinary cell would do. This means that the host body cell is tricked into making many copies of the virus inside the cell host cell thus, killing the cell where the viruses then enter (infecting) other cells to repeat the process. Inside the body viruses produce toxins (poisons) that can cause rashes, aches and fevers. A Virus is very difficult to kill and cannot be killed with antibiotics like bacteria. Some examples of viral diseases are: Aids - transmitted through bodily fluid through from an infected human to another through semen, vaginal secretion, blood and the sharing of needles by the disease agent HIV 1 and HIV 11 and Smallpox - through human to human contact through sneezing and coughing by the disease agent variola. Others include Influenza, Yellow Fever and Lassa Fever just to name a few. Rickettsia is any group of parasitic bacteria that live in arthropods (e.g. ticks, lice, fleas and mites) and can cause disease if transmitted to humans. Thus, transmission occurs through the infected arthropod vector. Rickettsiae can only survive inside cells and is spread through the bloodstream of the host. They divide (reproduce) by a process called binary fission. Therefore, Rickettsia is some where between bacteria and viruses in comparison. Rickettsia cause disease by the damaging blood vessels in various tissues and organs. Rickettsial diseases basically fall into 4 groups and some example are: 1. Typhus: epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, murine (endemic) typhus, and Brill-Zinsser disease; 2. spotted fever-Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Eastern tick-borne rickettsioses, and rickettsialpox; 3. trench fever and 4. Q fever. Finally, parasites are organisms whose survival depends on other organisms (the host) to feed , grow and live. They live in or on the living tissue of a host organism which may cause disease to it and generally without killing the host. There are several different sizes of parasites which can be either single-celled protozoa or multi-celled parasites (e.g. worms, flukes, and insects). The infection from a parasite are often transmitted through contact with an intermediate vector or from the result of direct contact with the parasite. Some examples of parasitic infections are : Hookworm - a worm larva that hatch from eggs containing the disease agent Ancylostoma duodenal or Necator americanus found in stool of an infected organism which penetrate the skin of the victim and continue its life cycle. A second one is Malaria. Malaria is disease caused by a protozoan parasites (of disease agents; P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae) which is transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus Anopheles. Others include Schistosomiasis and Trypanoso. Labels: Biology, Health, History
Which are not considered to be microorganisms Helminths b. Fungi c. Bacteria d. Rickettsiae?
Helminths are not considered to be microorganisms. They are multicellular parasitic worms that are larger in size compared to bacteria, fungi, and rickettsiae which are microorganisms.
What were rickettsiae and chlamydia once thought to be?
Rickettsiae and Chlamydia were once thought to be viruses due to their small size and intracellular lifestyle, but they are actually classified as bacteria. They are both obligate intracellular pathogens that require host cells to multiply.
What do rickettsiae carry?
Rickettsiae bacteria carry yphus, rickettsialpox, Boutonneuse fever, African tick bite fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Flinders Island spotted fever and Queensland tick typhus (Australian tick typhus).
Is it true that Chlamydiae is transmitted by ticks and lice and can cause typhus and rocky mountain fever?
No, rickettsiae are transmitted by arthropods and can cause typhus and Rocky Mountain fever.
Diseases caused by Rickettsiae are most likely transmitted fever?
Diseases caused by Rickettsiae, such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus, are primarily transmitted through the bites of infected arthropods, particularly ticks, lice, and fleas. These vectors carry the bacteria and can transmit them to humans during feeding. The symptoms often include fever, rash, and other systemic signs, reflecting the body's response to the infection. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications associated with these diseases.
How do you recover from trench fever?
Most persons recover within about two months; there may be relapses, however, and the disease becomes chronic in about 5 percent of the cases. Treatment with chlortetracycline brings permanent relief of the symptoms, but the patient continues to carry rickettsiae and remains infectious for lice.
Is it true that Arthropods like mites and ticks can transmit rickettsial diseases?
Rickettsial disease covers a group of diseases caused by the microorganisms. Rickettsiae occupy a position between bacteria and viruses. Most rickettsial diseases are spread to humans by arthropods such as ticks, lice, mites and fleas.
What parasite transmits many bacterial viral rickettsial and protozoal diseases?
The vector responsible for transmitting many diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, and protozoa is the mosquito. Mosquito-borne diseases include malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus, among others.
What doe vaccines mean?
'Vaccines' are a suspension of dead, attenuated, or otherwise modified microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, or rickettsiae) for inoculation to produce immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies
What bacterial species are gram negative coccobacilli capable of living intracellular within a host?
Examples of gram-negative coccobacilli that are capable of living intracellularly within a host include Francisella tularensis, Brucella spp., and Bartonella spp. These bacteria have evolved mechanisms to evade host immune responses and survive within host cells.
What types of microbes are eukaryotic?
Some examples of eukaryotic microbes include protozoa, algae, fungi, and some parasites. These organisms have a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles within their cells. Eukaryotic microbes can be found in various environments, ranging from soil and water to the human body.
What are six major groups of pathogens?
The six major groups of pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions, and protozoa. Each group includes various species that can cause different types of infections and diseases in humans and animals.
