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There are two types of Roux en-Y gastric bypass surgery One is called proximal and the other is called distal. Proximal is the most common of any procedure at makes the patient feel full very quickly. Distal makes is more likely that fats and starches will pass through the stomach undigested.
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What is meant by dumping syndrome?
(medicine) An imperfectly understood symptom complex of disagreeable or painful epigastric fullness, nausea, weakness, giddiness, sweating, palpitations, and diarrhea, occurring after meals in patients who have gastric surgery which interferes with the function of the pylorus.---- http://www.answers.com/http://www.answers.com/library/Medical%20Dictionary-cid-952602 dump·ing syndromeA condition occurring after eating in patients with shunts of the upper http://www.answers.com/topic/alimentary-canal and including flushing, sweating, dizziness, weakness, and http://www.answers.com/topic/vasomotor collapse. Also called postgastrectomy syndrome.Sponsored Linkshttp://www.answers.com/library/Veterinary%20Dictionary-cid-952602 dumping syndromeA complex of vasomotor signs associated with eating and the rapid emptying of hyperosmolar gastric contents into the proximal small intestine; believed to be due to the shift of fluid into the gut lumen, intestinal distention and contraction of plasma volume.http://www.answers.com/library/Wikipedia-cid-952602 Gastric dumping syndromeGastric dumping syndromeClassification and external resources {| ! http://www.answers.com/topic/icd-http://www.answers.com/topic/icd-10 | http://www.answers.com/topic/icd-10-chapter-xi-diseases-of-the-digestive-system91.1 ! http://www.answers.com/topic/icd-http://www.answers.com/topic/icd-9-code | 564.2 ! http://www.answers.com/topic/diseases-database | 31227 ! http://www.answers.com/topic/emedicine | med/589 ! medical-subject-headings | D004377 Gastric dumping syndrome, or rapid gastric emptying, happens when the lower end of the small intestine, the http://www.answers.com/topic/jejunum, expands too quickly due to the presence of hyperosmolar food from the http://www.answers.com/topic/stomach. "Early" dumping begins concurrently or immediately succeeding a meal. Symptoms of early dumping include nausea, http://www.answers.com/topic/vomiting-1, http://www.answers.com/topic/bloating-1, cramping, diarrhea, dizziness and fatigue. "Late" dumping happens 1 to 3 hours after eating. Symptoms of late dumping include weakness, sweating, and dizziness. Many people have both types. The syndrome is most often associated with gastric surgery. It is speculated that "early" dumping is associated with difficulty digesting fats while "late" dumping is associated with carbohydrates.[citation needed] Rapid loading of the small intestine with hypertonic stomach contents can lead to rapid entry of water into the intestinal lumen. Osmotic diarrhea, distension of the small bowel (leading to crampy abdominal pain), and http://www.answers.com/topic/hypovolemia can result. In addition, people with this syndrome often suffer from low http://www.answers.com/topic/blood-sugar, or http://www.answers.com/topic/hypoglycemia, because the rapid "dumping" of food triggers the http://www.answers.com/topic/pancreas to release excessive amounts of http://www.answers.com/topic/insulin into the bloodstream. This type of hypoglycemia is referred to as "alimentary hypoglycemia". Physicians diagnose dumping syndrome primarily on the basis of symptoms in patients who have had gastric surgery. Tests may be needed to exclude other conditions that have similar symptoms. Two ways of determining if a patient has dumping syndrome include Barium http://www.answers.com/topic/fluoroscopy and radionuclide http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear-medicine. In the first procedure, a contrast of barium-labeled medium is ingested, and x-ray images are taken; early dumping can be easily recognized by premature emptying of the http://www.answers.com/topic/contrast medium from the stomach. The second method, scintigraphy (or radionuclide scanning), involves a similar procedure in which a labeled medium containing 99mTc (or other radionuclide) http://www.answers.com/topic/colloid or http://www.answers.com/topic/chelation is ingested. The 99mTc http://www.answers.com/topic/isotope decays in the stomach, and the gamma photons emitted are detected by a http://www.answers.com/topic/gamma-camera; the radioactivity of the area of interest (the stomach) can then be plotted against time on a graph. Patients with dumping syndrome generally exhibit steep drops in their activity plots, corresponding to abnormally rapid emptying of gastric contents into the http://www.answers.com/topic/duodenum. Dumping syndrome is largely avoidable by avoiding certain foods which are likely to cause it, therefore having a http://www.answers.com/topic/healthy-diet is important. Treatment includes changes in eating habits and medication. People who have gastric dumping syndrome need to eat several small meals a day that are low in http://www.answers.com/topic/carbohydrate, especially omitting simple sugars (candy, desserts, ice cream), and should drink liquids between meals, not with them. Fibers delay gastric emptying and reduce insulin peaks. People with severe cases take medicine such as http://www.answers.com/topic/octreotide, http://www.answers.com/topic/cholestyramine-1 or http://www.answers.com/topic/proton-pump-inhibitors (such as http://www.answers.com/topic/pantoprazole) to slow their digestion. Doctors may also recommend http://www.answers.com/topic/surgery. Surgical intervention may include conversion of a http://www.answers.com/topic/billroth-ii to a Roux-en Y gastrojejunostomy. Most of the text of this article is taken from http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/rapidgastricemptying/index.htm |}
Who are all Cytologists and their contribution?
Visual discovery of chromosomes. Textbooks have often said that chromosomes were first observed in plant cells by a Swiss botanist named Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli in 1842.[1] However, this opinion has been challenged, perhaps decisively, by Henry Harris, who has freshly reviewed the primary literature.[2] In his opinion the claim of Nägeli to have seen spore mother cells divide is mistaken, as are some of his interpretations. Harris considers other candidates, especially Wilhelm Hofmeister, whose publications in 1848-9 include plates which definitely show mitotic events.[3][4] Hofmeister was also the choice of Cyril Darlington. The work of other cytologists such as Walther Flemming, Eduard Strasburger, Otto Bütschli, Oskar Hertwig and Carl Rabl should definitely be acknowledged. The use of basophilic aniline dyes was a new technique for effectively staining the chromatin material in the nucleus. Their behavior in animal (salamander) cells was later described in detail by Walther Flemming, who in 1882 "provided a superb summary of the state of the field".[5][6] The name chromosome was invented in 1888 by Heinrich von Waldeyer. However, van Beneden's monograph of 1883 on the fertilised eggs of the parasitic roundworm Ascaris megalocephala was the outstanding work of this period.[7] His conclusions are classic: * Thus there is no fusion between the male chromatin and the female chromatin at any stage of division... * The elements of male origin and those of female origin are never fused together in a cleavage nucleus, and perhaps they remain distinct in all the nuclei derived from them. [tranl: Harris p162] "It is not easy to identify who first discerned chromosomes during mitosis, but there is no doubt that those who first saw them had no idea of their significance... [but] with the work of Balbiani and van Beneden we move away from... the mechanism of cell division to a precise delineation of chromosomes and what they do during the division of the cell." [8] Van Beneden's master work was closely followed by that of Carl Rabl, who reached similar conclusions. [9] This more or less concludes the first period, in which chromosomes were visually sighted, and the morphological stages of mitosis were described. Coleman also gives a useful review of these discoveries.[10] Nucleus as the seat of heredity. The origin of this epoch-making idea lies in a few sentences tucked away in Ernst Haeckel's Generelle Morphologie of 1866.[11] The evidence for this insight gradually acumulated until, after twenty or so years, two of the greatest in a line of great German scientists spelt it out. August Weismann proposed that the germ line was separate from the soma, and that the cell nucleus was the repository of the hereditary material, which he proposed was arranged along the chromosomes in a linear manner. Furthermore, he proposed that at fertilisation a new combination of chromosomes (and their hereditary material) would be formed. This was the explanation for the reduction division of meiosis (first described by van Beneden). Chromosomes as vectors of heredity. In a series of outstanding experiments, Theodor Boveri gave the definitive demonstration that chromosomes were the vectors of heredity. His two principles were: : The continuity of chromosomes : The individuality of chromosomes. It was the second of these principles which was so original. He was able to test the proposal put forward by Wilhelm Roux, that each chromosome carries a different genetic load, and showed that Roux was right. Upon the rediscovery of Mendel, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. It is interesting to see that Boveri influenced two generations of American cytologists: Edmund Beecher Wilson, Walter Sutton and Theophilus Painter were all influenced by Boveri (Wilson and Painter actually worked with him). In his famous textbook The Cell, Wilson linked Boveri and Sutton together by the Boveri-Sutton theory. Mayr remarks that the theory was hotly contested by some famous geneticists: William Bateson, Wilhelm Johannsen, Richard Goldschmidt and T.H. Morgan, all of a rather dogmatic turn of mind. Eventually complete proof came from chromosome maps - in Morgan's own lab! [12]
What is a roux gastric bypass ?
Roux gastric bypass is a type of weight loss surgery. You can speak with your doctor for more detailed information and you can also find information here: http://www.laparoscopy.com/obesity/roux.html
What does bariatric surgery consist of?
Roux-en-Y (roo-en-wy) gastric bypass. This procedure is the most common method of gastric bypass. This surgery is typically not reversible. It works by decreasing the amount of food you can eat in one sitting and reducing the absorption of nutrients.
Where can I find out more about bariatric surgery procedure?
The Roux-en-Y bypass is more common and considered less complicated than the biliopancreatic diversion bypass, since Roux-en-Y does not remove portions of the stomach. The traditional Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass is performed through open surgery with one long incision. The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can also be performed laparoscopically. The laparoscopic Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass uses multiple smaller incisions (instead of one long incision) ��� a laparoscopic tool is inserted, which offers a visual guide to the inside of the abdomen during the procedure.
Where can I find out about gastric bypass surgery in onterio?
Ontario, Canada offers many different places to have gastic bypass surgery. One of the most recommended is Ontario Bariatric Network; here is the website: http://www.ontariobariatricnetwork.ca/Roux-en-Y-Gastric-Bypass-Surgery.aspx.
What are the different types of gastric bypass surgery?
there are two main types of gastric bypass surgery. the first the surgeon physically will remove part of the stomach to reduce the amount of food you can eat. the second newest type is a lapband in which the surgeon ties a clamp around the stomach which limits the amount of space in the stomach.
Where can I find images of bypass surgery?
There are plently of websites that have bypass surgery images available. This site has step by step procudure to view video.about.com/weightloss/Roux-en-Y-Gastric-Bypass.htm
Where can I find out more about roux gastric bypass?
Gastric bypass does two things for your body. It makes you lose weight, and it helps you keep those pounds off. Try this link for more information. http://www.webmd.com/diet/weight-loss-surgery/gastric-bypass
Weight Guidelines and Other Considerations for Weight Loss Surgery?
Obesity weight loss surgery is a viable option for patients with a body mass index of 40 or higher, which usually means the patient is 80-100 pounds over weight. A consultation with a bariatric surgeon will determine if someone is a candidate for obesity weight loss surgery. Types of weight loss surgery include many variations of the gastric bypass such as laparoscopic gastric bypass, adjustable gastric band, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and a loop gastric bypass. There are complications and risks with each type of surgery. However, often the medical benefits out weigh the risks for a patient.
Where can I find out more about rouxeny gastric bypass?
A person may inquire at a local medical provider that offers rouxeny gastric bypass or take a look at various online websites or forums that provide information on this type of gastric bypass surgery, such as the following: www.laparoscopy.com/obes, www.obesityhelp.com/forums/rny/gastric-bypass-about-roux-en-y-gastric-bypass.html, and www.umm.edu/weightloss/roueny.htm.
Where can I find more information on roux gastric bypass?
To find out more information on a Roux Gastric bypass talk to a family doctor about it.Specialists can be contacted as well but most of the time people have to be referred.
Are There Many Risks To Gastric Bypass Surgery?
"Yes, there are risks involved with Roux en Y gastric bypass (RNY) surgery. This is one of the more commonly performed bypass surgeries and to put it simply it involves stapling the stomach. Risks range from complications of anesthesia such as death to infections of the incision and bleeding or poor nutrition after surgery."
What is Mini Gastric Bypass?
Mini gastric bypass surgery is less invasive than traditional gastric bypass surgery. By using a laparoscope, the surgeon does not have to make any large incisions in the abdomen thus lowering the risk of large surgical scars or hernia. The procedure also differs from other gastric bypass procedures in significant ways. As opposed to the popular Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure, which staples the stomach to create a small pouch after which a Y-shaped section of the small intestine is then attached to allow food to bypass the lower stomach and first part of the small intestine, the mini gastric bypass is a newer and somewhat simpler procedure. The stomach is similarly stapled but instead of a small pouch, it is formed into a narrow tube, which is then attached directly to the small intestine about six feet from its starting point, thus also bypassing the initial highly absorptive section. The benefits of Mini gastric bypass surgery are a shorter, less invasive operation and quicker recovery time. Like traditional gastric bypass surgery, mini gastric bypass surgery is only for the morbidly obese who have not been able to lose and maintain weight loss after significant efforts at lifestyle change in the form of diet and exercise.
