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The membrane or resting potential is the difference in voltage within and outside the cell when that cell is at rest. In a typical neuron it is usually around -65mV, meaning the neuron is negatively charged relative to the extracellular space. This potential is due to various ions and the permeability of the neuronal membrane. When a neuron gets a signal from another neuron, this causes the concentration of various ions to change (some flow in, others out of, the cell). In some cases, the signal causes positive ions to flow into the cell, making the membrane potential less negative. Once it reaches a threshold, usually around -55mV, the cell "fires" or makes an action potential, which is when the membrane potential temporarily shoots up to around +40mV. This signal propagates down the length of the neuron and then passes that message on to other cells.
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The first voltage-regulated gates encountered along the neuron membrane which initiate the formation of action potentials are located on the neuron near the?
axon hillock
What is the electrical message that travels along a neuron?
electrical signal
Why is the term action potential used to describe a nerve impulse?
It is a difference in charge supplied by ion position. In resting potential the tendency is for the inside of the cell membrane to have a negative ionic charge, while the outside of the membrane has a positive charge. The change, back and forth in these two charge potentials is the conduction of charge down the neuron and is called the action potential.
Where are action potentials regenerated as they propagate along a myelinated axon?
First at the axon hillock where the neural impulse is initially triggered, and then at the nodes of Ranvier as the impulse continues to travel along the axon.(Note that the impulse travels as electrotonic conduction between the nodes of Ranvier, underneath the glial cells which myelinate the axon.)
A long structure leaving the cell body that action potential travel along is called the?
It is the Axon
What are the electrical events conducted along the cell plasma membrane that stimulate contraction?
Action potentials
Where is action potential specifically found?
Action potentials are found on muscular or neural cells. The propagate along the cells's membrane surface.
The first voltage-regulated gates encountered along the neuron membrane which initiate the formation of action potentials are located on the neuron near the?
axon hillock
What is the electrical message that travels along a neuron?
electrical signal
What is salutatory conduction?
Saltatory conduction refers to the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next node. It increases the conduction velocity of action potentials.
Why is the term action potential used to describe a nerve impulse?
It is a difference in charge supplied by ion position. In resting potential the tendency is for the inside of the cell membrane to have a negative ionic charge, while the outside of the membrane has a positive charge. The change, back and forth in these two charge potentials is the conduction of charge down the neuron and is called the action potential.
Explain the source of signals detected by the EMG electrodes?
Action potentials along the muscle fibers
How is information processed and transmitted in the nervous system?
It is transmitted along action potentials by way of chemical neurotransmitters.
What makes saltatory conduction possible?
Saltatory conduction is the propagation of action potentials (nerve signals) along axons that occurs by jumping from one node of Ranvier (gap between myelinated sections of axon) to the next. (Saltare means "to hop" or "to jump") By jumping from one node to the next, this increases the conduction velocity, allowing the signal to travel faster.
What transmission of the depolarization wave along the neurons membrane?
Action potential
Nerve impulses are conducted along an axon without decrement This means the action potentials are conducted without?
decreasing amplitude
What signal travels along the axon?
The high-speed signals that pass along the axon are called action potentials. They spread in a wave of depolarization.
