Charles and Francis Darwin demonstrated that oat seedlings would bend towards a light source when it was shining on one side of the seedlings. This showed that plants can detect and respond to light direction, a phenomenon known as phototropism.
X-ray crystallography was the technique used by James Watson and Francis Crick to demonstrate that the DNA molecule is a helix. By analyzing the diffraction patterns produced when X-rays were shone on crystallized DNA samples, they were able to deduce the helical structure of the DNA molecule.
Francis Crick worked with his colleague Sydney Brenner to demonstrate that a triplet code was used in reading genetic material, which led to the discovery of how sequences of three nucleotides in DNA encode for specific amino acids in proteins. This groundbreaking research laid the foundation for our current understanding of how genetic information is translated into proteins.
Francis Crick's nickname was "Benjamin."
Francis Harry Compton Crick
Francis Crick's mother's name was Annie Elizabeth Wilkins.
Charles Francis Schnabel was born in 1895.
Charles Cooper Francis died in 1956.
Charles Francis McGivern was born in 1915.
Charles Francis McGivern died in 1983.
Charles Francis Laseron died in 1959.
Charles Francis Laseron was born in 1887.
Charles Francis Constantine died in 1953.
Charles Francis Paterno died in 2011.
Charles Francis Paterno was born in 1919.
Francis Charles Nagot was born in 1734.
Francis Charles Nagot died in 1816.
Francis Charles Fraser died in 1978.