What do you call two different genes of a certain trait?

Answer 1

Two genes which govern the same characteristics are called alleles. Alleles located at the same locus on a chromosome pair determine phenotype (the expressed characteristic), at least in simple Mendelian genetics. Characteristics can also be controlled from two loci (epistatic/hypostatic) and from several loci (polygenic).

There is space on the genome for 2 alleles for a certain characteristic. One is taken from each parent.

For example, you might have one allele coding for black fur (B) and another for white (b).

Alleles have different dominance so if the allele for black fur was dominant you have two allele combinations that would result in black fur: BB and Bb

There is only one combination that could result in white fur: bb

The less dominant allele is known as the recessive allele.

Answer 2

The organism has a heterozygous genotype for that trait.

Answer 3

different genes