The Atlas
The occipital condyles allow the head to turn side to side.
The occipital condyles are oval-shaped structures on the occipital bone that articulate with the superior facets of the atlas (C1 vertebrae). This joint, called the atlanto-occipital joint, allows for flexion and extension of the head.
The odontoid process, also known as the dens, is the bone feature of the second cervical vertebrae that articulates with the first cervical vertebrae. This connection forms the atlantoaxial joint, which allows for rotation of the head.
Articular surfaces of bones are smooth bony projections that are designed to articulate with another bone, forming a joint. These surfaces are covered with cartilage to reduce friction and allow for smooth movement. Examples include the femoral head articulating with the acetabulum in the hip joint.
The medial condyle is larger than the lateral condyle in order to help stabilize the knee joint. This asymmetry helps with weight distribution and allows for better support and movement of the knee. Additionally, the medial condyle tends to bear more weight during activities, so it needs to be larger for increased strength and stability.
they have 1 occipital condyle
occipital condyle
The occipital condyles allow the head to turn side to side.
The occipital condyles are oval-shaped structures on the occipital bone that articulate with the superior facets of the atlas (C1 vertebrae). This joint, called the atlanto-occipital joint, allows for flexion and extension of the head.
The occipital condyles of the occipital bones articulate with the first cervical vertebra.
occipital bone
Occipital condyles
The occipital condyles "lay on", or articulate with, the lateral masses of the first cervical vertebra, also known as atlas.
The occipital condyles of the skull, which are located at the base of the occipital bone, are concave and articulate with the superior articular facets of the atlas (C1 vertebra) at the atlanto-occipital joint. This concave-convex articulation allows for flexion and extension movements of the head.
The function of the occipial condyle is to join the first cervical vertebra, (first bone on the neck), to enable the head to move relative to the neck.
It articulates with each vertebra. Plus the occipital bone of the skull and the 12 pairs of ribs.
I think they are called Occipital Condyle. More pronounced in males - not sure why it would hurt but it is definitely a sensitive area. Get it looked at.