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How is a DNA molecule unzipped?
DNA is, as you say, "unzipped" is a complex process. DNA usually unwinds either to replicate DNA or synthesize mRNA to make proteins. I'll use DNA replication as the example. when the process starts, it will start at hundreds of sites along the length of the DNA molecule. once started the replication will proceed in both directions. DNA helicase is the enzyme that opens the two strands, and the enzyme topoisomerase is before helicase to make sure no tension builds up as the strands unwind. after topoisomerase runs down the length, closely followed by helicase, binding proteins stick to the newly opened nucleotides to prevent the strands from sticking together. that's the first basic step of DNA replication and basically answers your question. Helicase opens it, but remember it must be triggered by a enzyme of protein in order for it to start, and then continues until the molecule is finished.
What kinds of bonds are broken between N-bases when DNA unzips during replication?
During DNA replication, the bonds broken between N-bases are hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds are relatively weak compared to the covalent bonds that hold the sugar-phosphate backbone together. The breaking of hydrogen bonds allows the two strands of the DNA double helix to separate, providing access for DNA polymerase to create new complementary strands.
What enzyme is responsible for connecting RNA bases to their complementary pairs in order to create mRNA?
The enzyme responsible for connecting RNA bases to their complementary pairs to create mRNA is called RNA polymerase.
Explain what DNA polymerase is by breaking the word into its parts?
DNA polymerase consists of two parts - "DNA" which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information, and "polymerase" which refers to the enzyme that helps to build DNA by assembling nucleotides in the correct sequence during DNA replication. In summary, DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides in a complementary manner to an existing DNA template strand.
What is the significance of the 3' to 5' directionality in DNA replication?
The 3' to 5' directionality in DNA replication is significant because it allows for the accurate copying of genetic information. This directionality ensures that new DNA strands are synthesized in the correct order, maintaining the integrity and stability of the genetic code.
In order to replicate where do DNA molecules separate?
DNA molecules separate or unwind at specific sites known as replication origins. These regions serve as starting points for the enzyme complex that unwinds the DNA strands, creating a replication fork. DNA replication occurs bidirectionally from each origin, with the two strands being replicated simultaneously.
What is ligase?
Ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules by forming a bond between them. It plays a crucial role in DNA replication, repair, and recombination by sealing breaks in the backbone of DNA strands. It can be used in molecular biology research to "glue" DNA fragments together during cloning and sequencing processes.
What chemical force must be overcome in order to separate the two DNA strands during replication?
Hydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs must be overcome to separate the two DNA strands during replication. Breaking these bonds allows the strands to unwind and separate, enabling DNA polymerases to replicate each strand.
What bonds are broken in order the unzip the DNA strands?
The hydrogen bonds are broken in order to unzip the DNA strand. This all occurs during the DNA replication process.
How is a DNA molecule unzipped?
DNA is, as you say, "unzipped" is a complex process. DNA usually unwinds either to replicate DNA or synthesize mRNA to make proteins. I'll use DNA replication as the example. when the process starts, it will start at hundreds of sites along the length of the DNA molecule. once started the replication will proceed in both directions. DNA helicase is the enzyme that opens the two strands, and the enzyme topoisomerase is before helicase to make sure no tension builds up as the strands unwind. after topoisomerase runs down the length, closely followed by helicase, binding proteins stick to the newly opened nucleotides to prevent the strands from sticking together. that's the first basic step of DNA replication and basically answers your question. Helicase opens it, but remember it must be triggered by a enzyme of protein in order for it to start, and then continues until the molecule is finished.
What kinds of bonds are broken between N-bases when DNA unzips during replication?
During DNA replication, the bonds broken between N-bases are hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds are relatively weak compared to the covalent bonds that hold the sugar-phosphate backbone together. The breaking of hydrogen bonds allows the two strands of the DNA double helix to separate, providing access for DNA polymerase to create new complementary strands.
What enzyme is responsible for connecting RNA bases to their complementary pairs in order to create mRNA?
The enzyme responsible for connecting RNA bases to their complementary pairs to create mRNA is called RNA polymerase.
During DNA replication DNA is split apart into two strands as the new DNA strands are created what is the function of DNA polymerase?
The polymerase itself does not separate the DNA strands. Helicase (another enzyme, sometimes found in complex with a polymerase holoenzyme) does the separating for it, ahead of the replication fork.
Why must two strands of parental DNA separate?
in order to replicate to create more DNA. this is required in order to make more cells
Explain what DNA polymerase is by breaking the word into its parts?
DNA polymerase consists of two parts - "DNA" which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information, and "polymerase" which refers to the enzyme that helps to build DNA by assembling nucleotides in the correct sequence during DNA replication. In summary, DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides in a complementary manner to an existing DNA template strand.
What is the significance of the 3' to 5' directionality in DNA replication?
The 3' to 5' directionality in DNA replication is significant because it allows for the accurate copying of genetic information. This directionality ensures that new DNA strands are synthesized in the correct order, maintaining the integrity and stability of the genetic code.
What is the correct order of the following processes transcription translation and DNA replication?
1. The first step in DNA replication is to unzip the double helix structure of the DNA molecule.2. This is carried out by an enzyme called helicase which breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the complementary bases of DNA together (A with T, C with G).3. The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a ‘Y’ shape called a replication fork. The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA.4. One of the strands is oriented in the 3’ to 5’ direction (towards the replication fork), this is the leading strand. The other strand is oriented in the 5’ to 3’ direction (away from the replication fork), this is the lagging strand. As a result of their different orientations, the two strands are replicated differently.5.A short piece of RNA called a primer comes along and binds to the end of the leading strand. The primer acts as the starting point for DNA synthesis.6. DNA polymerase binds to the leading strand and then walks along it, adding new complementary nucleotide bases (A, C, G and T) to the strand of DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction.7. .Once all of the bases are matched up (A with T, C with G), an enzyme called exonuclease strips away the primer(s). The gaps where the primer(s) were are then filled by yet more complementary nucleotides.8..The new strand is proofread to make sure there are no mistakes in the new DNA sequence.9. Finally, an enzyme called DNA ligase seals up the sequence of DNA into two continuous double strands.10. Following replication the new DNA automatically winds up into a double helix.
