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The gene of insulin has a different sequence of molecular bases than the gene of testosterone.

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Are humans born with a limited supply of insulin which the pancreas can produce?

No, the beta cells of the pancreas can and do regenerate, just like skin or most any other tissue. But there is some evidence that producing too much insulin (due to overeating, or insulin resistance, for example) over a long time leads to heart problems and shorter lifespan!


What the average genetic difference between any two humans?

Humans share about 99.5% of their genetic material, leading to an average genetic difference of 0.5% between any two individuals. This small percentage accounts for variations in traits such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to diseases among individuals.


One of the first breakthroughs in biotechnology was the discovery of the gene that makes insulin. What was the first step of this process?

The first step was identifying the gene responsible for producing insulin in humans. This involved studying the genetic material of organisms and isolating the specific gene that codes for insulin production.


Which glands produce insulin?

In humans only the pancreas produces insulin. There are clusters of specialized cells in the pancreas called Islets of Langerhans. The cell type in the Islets that produce insulin are beta cells. (Other cell types in the Islets produce other hormones.)


How many and what types of cell haploid or diploid results from meiosis and What is the difference between the two types?

Meiosis produces four haploid cells, meaning they have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The difference between haploid and diploid cells is that haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (23 in humans), while diploid cells have two sets (46 in humans).

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Which molecule from humans is inserted into bacteria to cause them to produce insulin?

The human gene that codes for insulin is inserted into bacteria to produce insulin. The gene is typically inserted into a plasmid vector, which allows the bacteria to express the human insulin gene and produce insulin. This technique is used in biotechnology to create recombinant bacteria that can produce insulin for medical use.


What is the main difference between humans and animals?

The main difference between humans and animals is that humans have a higher level of cognitive abilities, including complex language, reasoning, and self-awareness, which allow us to create advanced civilizations and technologies.