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A signal molecule is a molecule that causes some change in the body due to the transfer of signal carried by it.this signal molecules are received by the receptors present on the surface of the cell.there are two types of receptors present inside and outside the cell-one is present on the surface of the cell membrane and the other is present on the surface of the nuclear membrane.
eg:neuro transmitters,hormones
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What binds to a signal molecule enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule?
A receptor protein on the cell membrane binds to the signal molecule, initiating a series of intracellular events that lead to a cellular response. The binding of the signal molecule to the receptor triggers a signaling cascade that ultimately activates specific cellular pathways.
What is the function of a signal-recognition particle?
A signal-recognition particle (SRP) is responsible for targeting and directing newly synthesized proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a cell. It recognizes the signal sequence of the protein being produced and helps guide it to the appropriate location for further processing and folding.
Why is it important that a signal to stop translation be part of protein synthesis?
They signal to stop protein synthesis and release the amino acid chain. Stop codons are important because they signal the end of synthesis. Sometimes, mRNA is longer than what is needed for the amino acids so without stop codons, synthesis would continue until the end of the strand of RNA, leaving you with an incorrect amino acid chain.
Why are stop and start codons necessary for the proper functioning of protein synthesis?
Stop and start codons are necessary for the proper functioning of protein synthesis because they signal the beginning and end of protein translation. The start codon initiates the process of protein synthesis, while stop codons signal the termination of translation, ensuring that the protein is made correctly and in the right sequence. Without these codons, the protein synthesis process would not be able to start or stop at the correct points, leading to errors in protein production.
When a signal molecule such as a growth hormone binds to a receptor protein in the plasma membrane it stays on the outside of the cell. How might the inside of the cell know that the signal has bound?
When a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein on the cell membrane, it triggers a cascade of signaling events inside the cell through intracellular signaling molecules like second messengers. These second messengers relay the signal from the receptor at the cell membrane to the cell's interior, which initiates a response by activating various cellular processes. This signal transduction pathway enables the inside of the cell to detect and respond to the binding of the signal molecule at the membrane.
What does a protein phosphatase actually do to end a signal transduction?
Protein phosphates turn off signal transduction pathways by removing the phosphate groups from the protein kinase, making them reusable and making the kinase inscribe stopping the signal transduction pathway.
Does the prion protein contain a signal sequence?
Yes, the prion protein does not contain a signal sequence. It is primarily localized to the cell membrane without the need for a signal sequence to direct its insertion.
What binds to a signal molecule enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule?
A receptor protein on the cell membrane binds to the signal molecule, initiating a series of intracellular events that lead to a cellular response. The binding of the signal molecule to the receptor triggers a signaling cascade that ultimately activates specific cellular pathways.
What a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to?
A receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to a lock on a door, where the chemical signal acts as the key that fits into the lock to initiate a response. Just like a lock and key, the receptor protein and the chemical signal must fit together in a specific way for the response to occur.
What is the function of a signal-recognition particle?
A signal-recognition particle (SRP) is responsible for targeting and directing newly synthesized proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a cell. It recognizes the signal sequence of the protein being produced and helps guide it to the appropriate location for further processing and folding.
Why is it important that a signal to stop translation be part of protein synthesis?
They signal to stop protein synthesis and release the amino acid chain. Stop codons are important because they signal the end of synthesis. Sometimes, mRNA is longer than what is needed for the amino acids so without stop codons, synthesis would continue until the end of the strand of RNA, leaving you with an incorrect amino acid chain.
What toxin inhibits the production of GTP in a signal transduction pathway?
G-protein-linked
Why are stop and start codons necessary for the proper functioning of protein synthesis?
Stop and start codons are necessary for the proper functioning of protein synthesis because they signal the beginning and end of protein translation. The start codon initiates the process of protein synthesis, while stop codons signal the termination of translation, ensuring that the protein is made correctly and in the right sequence. Without these codons, the protein synthesis process would not be able to start or stop at the correct points, leading to errors in protein production.
When a signal molecule such as a growth hormone binds to a receptor protein in the plasma membrane it stays on the outside of the cell. How might the inside of the cell know that the signal has bound?
When a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein on the cell membrane, it triggers a cascade of signaling events inside the cell through intracellular signaling molecules like second messengers. These second messengers relay the signal from the receptor at the cell membrane to the cell's interior, which initiates a response by activating various cellular processes. This signal transduction pathway enables the inside of the cell to detect and respond to the binding of the signal molecule at the membrane.
Why are start and stop codons necessary for protein synthesis?
Start and stop codons are necessary for protein synthesis because they signal the beginning and end of a protein-coding sequence on mRNA. The start codon (AUG) initiates the translation process, while stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) signal the termination of protein synthesis. Without these codons, the cell would not be able to accurately read and translate the genetic information into a functional protein.
What molecules store information needed to manufacture protein?
The chromosome. It is very long single thread of DNA. There are many genes, which signal production of the protein molecules.
Relationship between receptor protein and signal molecule?
Receptor proteins are molecules on the cell surface or within cells that bind specific signal molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. When a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein, it triggers a cellular response or cascade of events, which can lead to changes in cell function, gene expression, or behavior. This binding is highly specific, as each receptor protein typically recognizes and responds to only a particular type of signal molecule.
