Emergency situations and fight or flight situations.
All of the internal organs have dual innervation from the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Skin structures get innervation from sympathetic out flow. But the neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. So functionally the nerve supply is parasympathetic.
Arector pili muscles get innervation from sympathetic out flow. But the neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. So functionally the nerve supply is parasympathetic.
ANS innervation is divided into sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system divisions.
Innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. This allows for both branches of autonomic NS (sympathetic and parasympathetic) to precisely control an organ's activity.
contraction of smooth muscle
All of the internal organs have dual innervation from the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Skin structures get innervation from sympathetic out flow. But the neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. So functionally the nerve supply is parasympathetic.
regulation of blood flow
Yes.
antagonistic
Arector pili muscles get innervation from sympathetic out flow. But the neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. So functionally the nerve supply is parasympathetic.
DUAL INNERVATION: One organ can receive impulses from both sympathetic and parasympathetic motor neurons (dual innervation); one division increases activity of organ, other division decreases activity of organ. While some organs are innervated by just one division, most vital organs receive dual innervation which means they receive instructions from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
ANS innervation is divided into sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system divisions.
Yes. Sympathetic nerve stimulation dilates the blood vessels. Parasympathetic nerve stimulation constricts the blood vessels. The sympathetic nerve stimulation effect is more pronounced.
Most of the blood vessels are innervated by sympathetic sympathetic adrenergic nerves.It releases norepinephrine which act as a neurotransmitter. The skin and few areas of body have both sympathetic cholinergic and parasympathetic cholinergic nerves which release acetylcholine,which act as a primary neurotransmitter.
spinal