What is organismal theory?

Answer 1

In plants, the organismal theory refers to the idea that during plant growth/evolution the original cell expanded into the whole organism. This is opposed to the cell theory that states that a cell multiplies into many cells with the original cell being equivalent to many. In this theory, the original cell is equivalent to the entire organism, with protoplasm just being subdivided and partitioned by cell walls (which are actually incomplete partitions because the protoplasms of adjacent cells are connected by plasmodesmata).

Answer 2

The organismal theory holds that the organism, rather than the cell, is the basic unit of life. This tenet is based on the following:

1) some organisms, such as fungi, are non-cellular

2) there are cytoplasmic connectors between cells in plants

3) many cells within multicellular organisms are highly specialized and do not contain all of the components necessary for independent existence

4) in general, single cells removed from a multicellular organism require extensive artificial systems to continue living

5) extensive communication among cells and constant adjustment of cellular activities and products is required to keep the organism alive

There are extensive studies and discussions regarding this position vs the cellular theory, beyond the scope of this format.

Answer 3

Organismal theory is a perspective in Biology that focuses on understanding organisms as integrated wholes, rather than just a collection of individual parts. It emphasizes the interactions between an organism's biological systems and their environment to explain its behavior, development, and adaptation. Organismal theory highlights the importance of studying organisms in their natural context to gain a deeper understanding of how they function and evolve.