What is pathophysiology of cva?

Answer 1

Known as Cerebrovascular Accident: Infarction of brain tissue that results from lack of blood. Tissue necrosis may be an outcome of tatal occlusion of a cerebral blood vessel by atheroma or embolus, or it may be the consequence of a ruptured cerebral vessel. Five minutes (or less) of ischemia causes irreversible cell damage. A central area of necrosis develops, surrounded by an area of inflammation, and function in this area is lost immediately. The tissue liquefies, leaving a cavity in the brain. Development and effects vary with the cause; 3 common categories: -Occlusion of an artery by an atheroma is the most common cause of CVA. -A sudden obstruction caused by an embolus lodging in a cerebral artery is the second type of stroke. -Intracerebral hemorrhage is the third class of stroke. Cerebral edema and an increasing area of infarction in the first 48-72 hours tend to increase the neurologic deficits. As the inflammation subsides, neurologic function increases. (Gould, Pathophysiology for the health professions (3rd ed.), (2006)

Answer 2

Stroke occurs every forty to forty five seconds and is the leading cause of death in America. If it is the leading cause of death then what is stroke? Stroke is when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. The disruption is caused by the blood clot or plaque that causes blockage in one of the very crucial blood vessels. The blockage to the crucial blood vessels is called the ischemic stroke. On the other hand if the blood vessel bursts and the blood spill in to the tissues surrounding it then it is called hemorrhagic stroke

I would like to correct my colleague here with saying that stroke is the 3rd leading cause of death in US after Myocardial infarction and cancer. Depending on classification, there are 4 principal types of stroke:

1. Thrombotic - when there is a narrowing of a blood vessel (atherosclerosis)

2. Embolic - when a clot is "shot" upstream, usually from the heart toward the brain vessels.

3. Lacunar - This is due to Lipohyalinosis of small penetrating arteries (small vessel disease)

4. Hemmorhagic - Where high blood pressure is the strongest causative agent that result in a burst of a blood vessel either within the brain or under the arachnoid layer.

Answer 3

Cerebrovascular accident or stroke (also called brain attack) results from sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain, which precipitates neurologic dysfunction lasting longer than 24 hours. Stroke are either ischemic, caused by partial or complete occlusions of a cerebral blood vessel by cerebral thrombosis or embolism or hemorrhage (leakage of blood from a vessel causes compression of brain tissue and spasm of adjacent vessels). Hemorrhage may occur outside the dura (extradural), beneath the dura mater (subdural), in the subarachnoid space (subarachnoid), or within the brain substance itself (intracerebral).

Risk factors for stroke include transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) - warning sign of impending stroke - hypertension, arteriosclerosis, Heart disease, elevated cholesterol, Diabetes mellitus, obesity, carotid stenosis, polycythemia, hormonal use, I.V., drug use, arrhythmias, and cigarette smoking. Complications of stroke include aspiration pneumonia, dysphagia, constractures, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, depression and brain stem herniation.

Answer 4

Briefly, an ischaemic stroke prevents oxygen exchange and glucose supply to neurons which in turn prevents energy (ATP) from being produced. Because ATP is ordinarily needed to maintain a proper resting membrane potential, loss of ATP production is therefore followed by loss of the membrane potential, leading to depolarization and increased permeability to extracellular ions. An uncontrolled influx of calcium ions is devastating to a neuron and will initiate cascades that result in 'programmed cell death' - also referred to as 'apoptosis'. Free-radicals called 'reactive oxygen species' (ROS) are also generated inside the cell (by the same organelle that generates ATP). These attack DNA, protein, and inactivate/activate enzymes involved in the apoptotic cascade. Because the cells depolarize, they also release their neurotransmitter contents which can lead to a build-up of extracellular glutamate and secondary damage via uncontrolled neuron firing.

Answer 5

Stroke is not the product of a pathogen. A stoke is damage in the brain caused by a swollen/burst blood vessel.

Answer 6

i don't know ask a physician like your family doctor or the hospital

Answer 7

smoking