DNA packing and unpacking
In prokaryotes, most of the control of protein synthesis occurs at the level of transcription initiation. This is achieved through the regulation of RNA polymerase activity, binding of transcription factors, and modulation of promoter sequences. Ribosomes then translate the mRNA into proteins following transcription.
The prime advantage of eukaryotic organisms is compartmentalization. By having compartments the eukaryotic organism can concentrate and refine specialized biochemical processes, improve overall capabilities and efficiencies and improve overall fitness.
Gene expression can be controlled at any of several stages, which we divide broadly into transcription, processing and translation. Transcription often is controlled at the stage of initiation, or at termination but usually not controlled at elongation. In eukaryotic cells, processing of the RNA product may be regulated at the stages of modification, splicing, transport, or stability. Translation may be regulated, usually at the stages of initation and termination just like transcription. Gene expression can be controlled at any of several stages, as during transcription, processing and translation. Transcription often regulated at initiation and termination but elongation is usually not regulated. In eukaryotes cells, processing of the RNA product may be regulated at the stages of modification, splicing, transport, or at stability. Translation may be regulated at initiation and termination just like transcription.
The simplest level of packing of the eukaryotic chromosome is the wrapping of DNA around histone proteins to form nucleosomes. Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins, which serves as the basic unit of chromatin packaging in eukaryotic cells.
Parasites can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic parasites include bacteria that cause infections like Salmonella and E. coli. Eukaryotic parasites include protozoa such as Plasmodium (which causes malaria) and helminths like tapeworms.
transcription
In prokaryotes, most of the control of protein synthesis occurs at the level of transcription initiation. This is achieved through the regulation of RNA polymerase activity, binding of transcription factors, and modulation of promoter sequences. Ribosomes then translate the mRNA into proteins following transcription.
The prime advantage of eukaryotic organisms is compartmentalization. By having compartments the eukaryotic organism can concentrate and refine specialized biochemical processes, improve overall capabilities and efficiencies and improve overall fitness.
Segmental level
Eukaryotic DNA has histone proteins and a level of organization that prokaryotic DNA lacks.
Gene expression is generally controlled at the transcriptional level, where DNA is transcribed into RNA by RNA polymerase. Transcriptional regulation involves the binding of transcription factors and other regulatory proteins to specific DNA sequences, influencing the rate of transcription initiation. This mechanism allows cells to control the amount of specific proteins produced based on their needs.
Gene expression can be controlled at any of several stages, which we divide broadly into transcription, processing and translation. Transcription often is controlled at the stage of initiation, or at termination but usually not controlled at elongation. In eukaryotic cells, processing of the RNA product may be regulated at the stages of modification, splicing, transport, or stability. Translation may be regulated, usually at the stages of initation and termination just like transcription. Gene expression can be controlled at any of several stages, as during transcription, processing and translation. Transcription often regulated at initiation and termination but elongation is usually not regulated. In eukaryotes cells, processing of the RNA product may be regulated at the stages of modification, splicing, transport, or at stability. Translation may be regulated at initiation and termination just like transcription.
Difination edp control .
substrate level phosphorylation
The simplest level of packing of the eukaryotic chromosome is the wrapping of DNA around histone proteins to form nucleosomes. Nucleosomes consist of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins, which serves as the basic unit of chromatin packaging in eukaryotic cells.
Difination edp control .
first do you reduce the voltage level or increase the load factor