What is the function of stratum basale?

Answer 1

This is the deepest layer of the skin structure and, as such, acts as stem cells since they are the least differentiated or least specific type of skin cell. As they migrate upward, environmental factors and neighboring cells increasingly cause them to become more specific cell types. Ocassionally called the "basement membrane," found to be essential for proper healing after thermal injuries to the skin. Was eventually found to be the reason why earlier attempts at skin grafts using only upper skin cells were found not to be effective in 3-rd degree full thickness burns. Modern skin grafts now use a layer of these stratum g. cells on the artificial skin, followed by other cells added later. The result has been a marked improvement in the rate of successful skin grafts.

Answer 2

Three type of cells occupy the stratum basale: Keratinocytes, Melanocytes and tactile cells.

The keratinocytes are the most abundant cell type in the epidermis and are found throughout all epidermal strata. The stratum basale is dominated by large keratinocyte stem cells,which divide to generate new cells that replace dead keratinocytes shed from the surface. Their name is derived from their synthesis of Keratin, a protein that strengthens the epidermis considerably.

The Melanocytes have long branching processes and are scattered among the keratinocytes of the stratum basale. They produce and store the pigment melanin in response to ultraviolet light exposure. Their cytoplasmic processes transfer pigment granules, called melanosomes, into the Keratinocytes within the basal layer and sometimes in more superficial layers. This pigment ( which includes the colors black,brown,tan,or yellow-brown) accumulates around the nucleus of the keratinocyte and shields the nuclear DNA from ultraviolet radiation. The darker tones of the skin result from melanin produced by melanocytes.

Tactile cells, also called Merkel cells,are few in number and found scattered among the cells within the stratum basale. Tactile cells are sensitive to touch and, when compressed, they release chemicals that stimulate sensory nerve endings,providing information about objects touching the skin.

Answer 3

The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are formed through cell division. It also contains melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives skin its color and helps protect against UV radiation. Additionally, the stratum basale provides nutrients and support for the layers above it.

Answer 4

cell division to produce new keratinocytes.

Answer 5

stratum germinativum undergo mitosis and reproduce themselves.