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The sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA provides structural support and stability to the molecule. It also helps to protect the nitrogenous bases within the double helix, which contain genetic information. Additionally, the phosphate groups play a role in the negatively charged nature of DNA, which affects its interactions with other molecules.
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What atoms are attached to the carbon backbone and determine the molecule's function within the cell?
The atoms attached to the carbon backbone that determine a molecule's function within the cell can vary depending on the specific molecule. Common atoms attached to carbon in biological molecules include hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The functional groups attached to the carbon backbone, such as hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, and phosphate groups, play a crucial role in determining the molecule's function within the cell.
What role does deoxyribose sugar play in the structure of DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar is a key component of the backbone of DNA. It helps form the sugar-phosphate backbone that supports the nitrogenous bases, which are the building blocks of DNA. The deoxyribose sugar molecules link together to create the structure of the DNA molecule, providing stability and support for the genetic information encoded within it.
What two things make up the backbone of a DNA molecule?
DNA consists of two long polymers of simple units called nucleotides, with backbones made of sugars and phosphate groups joined by ester bonds. These two strands run in opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of molecules called nucleobases (informally, bases). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes information. This information is read using the genetic code, which specifies the sequence of the amino acids within proteins. The code is read by copying stretches of DNA into the related nucleic acid RNA in a process called transcription.
What makes up a DNA nucleotide?
A DNA nucleotide consists of three components: a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar molecule, and one of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine). The nitrogenous base determines the genetic information encoded within the DNA molecule.
How is cellular work done by ATP?
ATP is a molecule that stores and transfers energy within cells. When ATP is broken down into ADP and inorganic phosphate, energy is released, which powers cellular processes like muscle contraction, active transport, and chemical reactions. This energy release provides the fuel needed for cells to perform work.
What does the sugar phosphate backbone do for DNA?
The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA provides structural support and stability to the molecule. It helps in maintaining the integrity of the double helix structure by forming the backbone to which the nucleotide bases are attached. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in protecting the genetic information contained within the DNA molecule.
Which macromolecule has a sugar-phosphate backbone?
Nucleic acids DNA and RNADNA has deoxyribose and phosphate forming the backbone and an attached nitrogenous base, These three components form a nucleotide.RNA has ribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous bases. The bonds holding the macromolecule together are covalent bonds within the nucleotides and hydrogen bonds holding the double strands of the DNA molecule.
What atoms are attached to the carbon backbone and determine the molecule's function within the cell?
The atoms attached to the carbon backbone that determine a molecule's function within the cell can vary depending on the specific molecule. Common atoms attached to carbon in biological molecules include hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The functional groups attached to the carbon backbone, such as hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, and phosphate groups, play a crucial role in determining the molecule's function within the cell.
Where is energy stored in the molecule of ATP?
An ATP molecule is made of ribose, adenosine, and phosphate. The energy is stored within the bonds of the phosphate molecules.
The potential energy in an ATP molecule is derived mainly from its three phosphate groups?
The potential energy in an ATP molecule is derived from its three phosphate groups that are linked by phosphate bonds. The energy of ATP is locked within these bonds.
Which componet of a nucleotide present within a DNA molecule could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?
The phosphate group can be removed from a nucleotide without breaking the polynucleotide chain within a DNA molecule. The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule in a nucleotide through a phosphodiester bond, which does not affect the backbone of the DNA chain when cleaved.
The energy of the Atp molecule is stored within which phosphate groups?
The energy of the ATP molecule is mainly stored in the high-energy bonds of the outermost phosphate group, known as the gamma phosphate group. When this phosphate group is hydrolyzed, releasing energy, it forms ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate.
Is hydrogen phosphate a polar molecule?
Yes, hydrogen phosphate (HPO4^2-) is a polar molecule. It contains both polar covalent bonds and an overall molecular structure that is asymmetrical, leading to an uneven distribution of charge within the molecule.
What role does deoxyribose sugar play in the structure of DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar is a key component of the backbone of DNA. It helps form the sugar-phosphate backbone that supports the nitrogenous bases, which are the building blocks of DNA. The deoxyribose sugar molecules link together to create the structure of the DNA molecule, providing stability and support for the genetic information encoded within it.
What things make up a molecule of ATP?
A molecule of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is composed of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. The phosphate groups are the key components responsible for storing and releasing energy within the molecule.
Which component of a nucleotide present within a DNA molecule could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?
all i know is that its not phosphate
What is a phosopholipid molecule composed of?
A phospholipid molecule is composed of an organic phosphate group, a triglyceride, and two fatty acid chains. Within the phospohlipid there is a phosphodiester linkage and two ester linkages.
