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What is the nitrogen washout technique?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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The Nitrogen Washout technique, also known as Fowler's method, is used to determine the anatomical dead space in the lungs. It does this by measuring the volume of gas that is in the conducting airways. An individual inhales 100% Oxygen, and then exhales into a Nitrogen Sampler. This Nitrogen Sampler does two things: it measures the percentage of Nitrogen in the exhaled air, and it also measures the volume of air that is exhaled. By taking the halfway point in the % of Nitrogen exhaled (the transitional phase) one can figure out the amount of Nitrogen expelled, as therefore the volume of dead space in the lungs.

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