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What is thought to be the significance of the duplication of homeotic genes?
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∙ 11y ago
Compared to jellyfish, the increased number of genes made evolution of more complex body forms possible.
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∙ 11y ago
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Mutations in these genes lead to transformation in the identity of entire body parts?
homeotic genes
What name is given to genes that regulate the genes involved in determining patterns of anatomical development?
Homeotic gene
One function of homeotic genes is to?
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How can hox genes provide evidence of evolution?
Hox genes are a group of related genes that specify the anterior-posterior axis and segment identity of metazoan organisms during early embryonic development. These genes are critical for the proper number and placement of embryonic segment structures (such as legs, antennae, and eyes). Homeotic genes are defined by a DNA sequence known as the homeobox, which is a sequence of 180 nucleotides that code for a protein domain known as the homeodomain. The protein products of homeotic genes belong to a class of proteins known as transcription factors, all of which are capable of binding to DNA, thereby regulating the transcription of genes. Just as homeotic genes regulate realisator genes, they are in turn regulated themselves by gap genes and pair-rule genes, which are in their turn regulated by maternally-supplied mRNA. This results in a transcription factor cascade: maternal turns on gap or pair-rule genes; gap and pair-rule genes turn on homeotic genes; then, finally, homeotic genes turn on realisator genes that cause the segments in the developing embryo to differentiate. Incorrect expression of homeotic genes can lead to major changes in the morphology of the individual. Homeotic mutations were first identified in 1894, when William Bateson noticed that floral stamens occasionally appeared in the wrong place; he found for example flowers in which the stamens would grow in the place where petals normally grow. In the late 1940s, Edward Lewis began studying homeotic mutation on Drosophila melanogaster which caused bizarre rearrangements of body parts. Mutations in the genes that code for limb development can cause deformity or lead to death. For an example, mutations in the Antennapedia gene cause legs to develop on the head of a fly instead of the antenna. Another famous example in the Drosophila melanogaster is the mutation of the Ultrabithorax homeotic gene, which specifies the 3rd thoracic segment. Normally, this segment displays a pair of legs and a pair of halteres (a reduced pair of wings used for balancing). In the mutant lacking functional Ultrabithorax protein, the 3rd thoracic segment now expresses the same structures found on the segment to its immediate anterior, the 2nd thoracic segment, which contains a pair of legs and a pair of (fully developed) wings. These mutants sometimes occur in wild populations of flies, and it was these mutants that led to the discovery of homeotic genes.
What type of gene is a master control gene that directs development of body parts in specific locations in many organisms?
There are several:Master control genes or homeotic genesHox genes (from an abbreviation of homeobox)
What are homeotic genes?
a fluffy
Homeotic genes are?
a fluffy
A class of master genes necessary for normal development in eukaryotes is called?
homeotic genes
What kinds genes that regulate development suggest that flies and mice are related?
Homeotic Genes
What type of genes are considered master switches?
homeotic or "homobox"
What is another word for Hox genes?
Hox genes are a type of homeotic gene. They can be called body plan genes.
Mutations in these genes lead to transformation in the identity of entire body parts?
homeotic genes
What name is given to genes that regulate the genes involved in determining patterns of anatomical development?
Homeotic gene
In what organism were homeotic genes first indentified?
A spontaneous true breeding homeotic gene mutant Pps-1 with distinct partial petaloid sepals was detected in the population of downy mildew.
What is one way master control genes or homeotic genes could have affected evolution?
through small changes in timing during embryonic development.
Why does it take only a few homeotic genes to control the development of a eukaryote?
Different genes are turned on or off in the different cell types as a result of specialization
One function of homeotic genes is to?
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