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Atelectasis or lung collapse can occur uni or bilaterally. Often because air has entered the pleural cavity via a chest wound but can also be a result of a rupture of the visceral pleura. When air is inside the pleural cavity it is known as a pneumothorax. Treatment involves closing the "hole" and drawing air out of the pleural cavity using chest tubes. This allows the lung/s to reinflate and resume normal function. As each lung has its own separate pleural cavity, one lung can collapse without interfering with the other.

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