What is two types of endocytosis and how do they differ?

Answer 1

1) Phagocytosis (literally, cell-eating) is the process by which cells ingest large objects, such as bacteria, viruses, or the remnants of cells which have undergone apoptosis. The membrane invaginates enclosing the wanted particles in a pocket, then engulfs the object by pinching it off, and the object is sealed off into a large vacuole known as a phagosome. 2) Pinocytosis (literally, cell-drinking). This process is concerned with the uptake of solutes and single molecules such as proteins. Both phagocytosis and pinocytosis are non-receptor-mediated forms of endocytosis, and may result in the cell engulfing non-specific or unwanted particles. 3) Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a more specific active event where the cytoplasm membrane folds inward to form coated pits. In this case, proteins or other trigger particles lock into receptors/ ligands in the cell's plasma membrane. It is then, and only then that the particles are engulfed. These inward budding vesicles bud to form cytoplasmic vesicles. This process may also result in engulfing of unwanted particles, however not to the extent of pino/phagocytosis.

Answer 2

Phagocytosis is the ingestion of solid particles or organisms, while pinocytosis is the ingestion of fluids and solutes. Phagocytosis involves the formation of large vesicles called phagosomes, while pinocytosis involves the formation of small vesicles called pinocytic vesicles.