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What occurs when molecules ATP to pump molecules from one side of a membrane to the other?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
ATP molecules release their third phosphate group in the reaction ATP --> ADP + P + Energy. The energy stored between the second and third phosphate groups is released and used by the cell to do work, such as pumping molecules across the cell membrane.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoWhen molecules use ATP to pump molecules from one side of a membrane to the other, even when there is already a higher concentration of those molecules on the side receiving new molecules, is called active transport. Active transport is typically performed by proteins embedded in the membrane.
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoa phosphate bond is broken
A phosphate bond is broken when ATP is converted to ADP + phosphate + energy.
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In the sodium potassium pump sugars and amino acids or other molecules are brought through the membrane along with sodium ions through?
Coupled Channels
What regulates which substances enter and leave a cell?
The plasma membrane. Carrier proteins and ion channels are parts of the plasma membrane, and aid in diffusion across concentration gradients, as most things don't freely move from one end of the cell membrane to the other. The Sodium-Potassium pump is a major ion channel in the plasma membrane, and regulates the intake of potassium and export of sodium (3 molecules sodium out, 2 molecules potassium in.)
What molecules won't diffuse passively across a membrane?
Larger molecules, such as glucose. The cell membrane is made up of phospholipid molecules, which are phosphate "heads" with two lipid "tails". Since the lipid tails are nonpolar, and thus hydrophobic (do not dissolve in water, and are repelled), polar molecules, like water, cannot pass through the membrane. Certain small, nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can fit through without the use of energy. Large molecules and some ions (for example, Na+ and K+ in the sodium-potassium pump) are drawn into the cells by carrier proteins, possibly up the concentration gradient, which requires energy.
Why is the sodium-potassium pump called an electrogenic pump?
pumps unequal quantities of Na+ and K+ across the membrane, 3Na+ out of and 2 K+ into the cell per pump cycle. In other words, it generates electricity by producing a net movement of positive charge out of a cell.
What is a protein pump?
it is a protein in a quatenary structure or three d sturucture with in the cell wall and transports macro molecules, hydrophobic molecules or molecules that are going agains the concentration(respectively are to big to go through, repel the cell wall, or are going against the traffic of osmosis) by using those molecules as a substrate( something that fits into a protein) and moves to the other side of the wall
What method carries molecules and pump molecules or form channels through which specific molecules pass across the plasma membrane?
Transport mechanisms
In the sodium potassium pump sugars and amino acids or other molecules are brought through the membrane along with sodium ions through?
Coupled Channels
What pumps in the cell membrane?
The sodium potassium pump is a form of active transport in which sodium and potassium end up switching places (one into the cell and one leaves the cell). The pump is located in the cell membrane.
What regulates which substances enter and leave a cell?
The plasma membrane. Carrier proteins and ion channels are parts of the plasma membrane, and aid in diffusion across concentration gradients, as most things don't freely move from one end of the cell membrane to the other. The Sodium-Potassium pump is a major ion channel in the plasma membrane, and regulates the intake of potassium and export of sodium (3 molecules sodium out, 2 molecules potassium in.)
Is active or passive transport involved?
In active transport the ATP is used to pump molecules up the concentration gradient. Transport of molecules occurs from a low concentration of solute to high concentration of solute and requires cellular energy. While passive transport involves carriers, channels, or direct diffusion through a membrane.
What occurs in the ETC during cellular respiration?
The high energy from the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 is passed to membrane-bound enzymes that use the energy to pump protons across the inner membrane into the inter-membrane space. The energy is gradually used by an entire "chain" of enzymes to establish a proton gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. This is where chemiosmosis takes place. Proton motive force generates ATP through the passive diffusion of protons through the enzyme ATP synthase, thus converting ADP and and inorganic phosphate group into high energy ATP molecules. These ATP molecules can drive other endergonic reactions in the cell.
Needed materials enter the cell and wastes and carbon dioxide leave the cell though?
There are three primary methods by which materials can enter or leave the cell: 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitated diffusion 3. Active Transport In a typical cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer, only non-polar molecules (molecules that do not have an electric charge) will diffuse across the membrane. Polar molecules, called ions, cannot diffuse across a membrane. Furthermore, the larger a molecule is, the more difficulty it will have diffusing across the membrane. Facilitated diffusion operates on the same principle as regular diffusion, meaning that molecules will move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Facilitated diffusion occurs when a cell has a "hole", typically a channel protein, through which the molecule can pass. This is one method by which polar molecules can cross the cell membrane. Active transport is a broad category that includes processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, and pump proteins such as the sodium-potassium pump. What differentiates it from the other methods is that it requires energy from the cell (usually in the form of ATP) and can work against concentration gradients (meaning it can move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration).
What is protein pump?
it is a protein in a quatenary structure or three d sturucture with in the cell wall and transports macro molecules, hydrophobic molecules or molecules that are going agains the concentration(respectively are to big to go through, repel the cell wall, or are going against the traffic of osmosis) by using those molecules as a substrate( something that fits into a protein) and moves to the other side of the wall
Why do most substances have to be assisted through the plasma membrane?
The plasma membrane is made from tightlypack phospholipids. The plasma membrane prevents polar molecules and large molecules from diffusing freely. Fatty (lipophilic) molecules can easily pass through. since cells often need water soluble materials such as water and sugars, transporters and pores need to be made out of proteins to let those molecules through. One of the most important pumps is the Na+/K+ ATPase pump which maintains gradients of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane
What consume ATP when transferring solutes form one side to the other side of the plasma membrane?
pump
What molecules won't diffuse passively across a membrane?
Larger molecules, such as glucose. The cell membrane is made up of phospholipid molecules, which are phosphate "heads" with two lipid "tails". Since the lipid tails are nonpolar, and thus hydrophobic (do not dissolve in water, and are repelled), polar molecules, like water, cannot pass through the membrane. Certain small, nonpolar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can fit through without the use of energy. Large molecules and some ions (for example, Na+ and K+ in the sodium-potassium pump) are drawn into the cells by carrier proteins, possibly up the concentration gradient, which requires energy.
Why is there a resting membrane potential across the cell membrane?
sodium/potassium pump
